差異中的差異：在臺藏人社會融入與社工服務

An Enlightenment of Micro-difference for Immigrants: Social Inclusion and Social Work Service among the Tibetans in Taiwan

本文以財團法人蒙藏基金會規劃之移民生活適應方案〈在臺藏族汽機車駕駛執照考照輔導活動〉為基礎，藉由參與者之經驗敘說，探究西藏族裔落腳臺灣的生活狀態，諸如移動歷程衍生之身心恐懼、有限的語言能力、封閉的社會生活，以及雙元文化的困頓。同時，透過受訪者對參與方案經歷的描繪和回饋，思考在臺藏人作為移民社群中的少數群體，相關社會融入政策和社會工作實踐應更關注差異，並自差異中著眼微小的公共服務設計。以此總結，彈性的語言課程、具母語翻譯的公共政策、重視社會正義且面向藏人身心健康的諮商服務，以及將西藏族裔議題納入移民討論課題等，這些看似正在實踐的移民服務，卻未能涵蓋在臺西藏族裔，直面移民政策的缺漏是當代臺灣面對少數移民群社會處境的積極策略。

The article is based on“The program of driving license training among Tibetans in Taiwan,”organized through The Mongolia and Tibet Foundation. The living standard would be expressed via experiences narratives by Tibetans who have obtained civil rights in Taiwan, such as the fears caused by immigration, the limited communicative ability, the closed social interaction, and the struggles between the two cultures. Meanwhile, this paper considers the small number of Tibetan groups in the multicultural immigrant community in Taiwan. Micro-differences and small public services should be more concerned while the socially inclusive program and social work practice are designed. In addition, the more positive strategies to the immigration public policy would be programming the flexible managed language course, interpretation of national policies and public services, counseling to maintain the well-being of Tibetans towards social justice and placing Tibetan ethnic issues on modern immigration discourses.