憂鬱患者受社會性別及婚姻之影響：一項橫斷性調查研究

The Influence of Depression on Gender and Marriage: A Cross-sectional Study

憂鬱為現代各國關注的公共衛生議題，研究顯示憂鬱症存在著性別差異，且受婚姻滿意所影響。本研究採性別分析取徑，以一項三軍總醫院之民眾診療計畫為對照，採用該計畫對憂鬱症患者資訊調查結果，綜合文獻回顧方式，探討其婚姻狀態、婚姻滿意度與其憂鬱症狀態。本研究發現，受試憂鬱症患者在性別比例上，女性高於男性；憂鬱症患者憂鬱程度上，女性高於男性；有婚姻狀態患者憂鬱程度，女性亦高於男性。女性憂鬱症患者年齡分布上，年長女性多於年輕女性；女性憂鬱症患者婚姻關係上，已婚者多於單身者。文獻上顯示造成此現象原因，受到性別壓力反應與賀爾蒙變化、家庭社會文化角色差異等因素影響。本研究則依此實證調查結果，結合相關文獻而論述，受試的已婚女性憂鬱患者在婚姻當中產生的憂鬱程度明顯高於男性，應是受到社會性別影響所致，以此觀點提供後續研究和性別議題探討參考。

Depression is a public health issue of concern in modern countries, and studies have shown that there are gender differences in depression and that it is influenced by marital satisfaction. In this study, we used the results of a survey of depression patients in a civilian clinic program at the Military General Hospital as a comparison, and a literature review to examine their marital status, marital satisfaction, and their depression status. Based on the survey of depression patients, this study found that the gender ratio of depression patients was higher among females than males on subjects. The degree of depression was higher in females than in males, and the degree of depression in patients with marital status was also higher in females than in males. The age distribution of female depression patients was higher in older women than in younger women. In terms of the marital relationship of female depression patients, there are more married patients than single ones. The literatures show that for this phenomenon are mainly influenced by gender stress response, hormonal changes, and family socio-cultural role differences. In this study, based on the results of the empirical survey and the related literature, we found that depression in marriage among women with depression is influenced by gender, which provides a reference for subsequent research and gender issues.