庇護工場員工之生活品質相關因素之研究

A Study on Factors Related to the Quality of Life of Sheltered Workshop Employees

本研究之目的探討第一類身心障礙者接受庇護性就業服務後，其生活品質的現況及影響因素。本研究使用調查研究法，以台灣北部某地區庇護工場之員工為研究對象，共抽取85名符合國際健康功能與身心障礙分類系統（International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, ICF）鑑定為第一類身心障礙者參與研究，採用荷蘭Arduin基金會和比利時根特大學所發展的個人成果量表（Personal Outcomes Scale）中文版為評估工具調查研究參與者的生活品質，後使用描述性統計、符號檢定、決策樹分析等統計方法分析影響庇護工場員工生活品質的相關因素。經分析後發現，研究參與者接受庇護性就業服務後，生活品質較量表中位數更高，且影響最大的因素是工作年資，其次是薪資，且在不同工作年資的狀況下，薪資對生活品質的影響有所不同，具體而言，工作年資5年以上者，當薪資低於10,000元時，受訪者的生活品質較高，推測其可能已具備穩定的工作技能與適應職場環境，對薪資的依賴性較低，反而更重視工作穩定性與社會支持；工作年資5年以下者，當薪資較高時，生活品質較低，可能與較高的工時負擔或工作適應壓力有關。就本研究之研究結果，建議庇護工場負責單位能夠落實此過渡性政策，針對不同工作年資的身心障礙者提供符合其需要的各種支援，如此可實質提升身心障礙者的生活品質。

The purpose of this study is to explore the current status and influencing factors of the quality of life of individuals with Category I disabilities after receiving sheltered employment services. The study uses a survey method, targeting employees of a sheltered workshop in a northern region in Taiwan. A total of 85 individuals, identified as Category I disability according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), were selected to participate. The study employed the Chinese version of the Personal Outcomes Scale, developed by the Arduin Foundation in the Netherlands and Ghent University in Belgium, as an assessment tool to evaluate the quality of life of the participants. Descriptive statistics, sign tests, and decision tree analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life of sheltered workshop employees. The analysis revealed that participants who received sheltered employment services had a higher quality of life score higher than the median score of the scale. The most significant influencing factors were years of work experience, followed by salary. Furthermore, the impact of salary on quality of life varied depending on the length of work experience. Respondents with over five years of work experience reported higher quality of life when earning less than NT$10,000, possibly due to developed job skills and workplace adaptation, leading to lower income dependence and greater emphasis on job stability and social support. Conversely, those with less than five years of experience showed lower quality of life at higher income levels, potentially due to longer working hours or job adjustment stress. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the organizations be responsible for providing support tailored to the needs of individuals with disabilities, depending on their years of work experience and age levels. This would not only improve their quality of life but also encourage their transition at various age.