匈牙利國防發展及其與北約的軍事關係

Hungarian Defense Developments and Military Relations with NATO

匈牙利是中歐古老的內陸國家，西元10世紀在喀爾巴阡盆地建國後，由於地緣戰略位置缺乏天然屏障，長期受到鄰近強國的威脅和統治，即使20世紀初獨立後亦無法避免此一的厄運。但是，1989年隨著國際環境變遷和共產主義式微的巨大轉變，匈牙利遂配合非共化的腳步，成功轉型為民主國家。匈牙利民主化以後，地緣戰略環境丕變，大幅減輕來自周邊國家的直接威脅。匈牙利轉而評估日後可能遭受間接性的安全威脅時，毅然加入北大西洋公約組織的安全機制，以期藉由軍事合作和實際行動來防衛國家安全。在雙方的互動與合作過程中，匈牙利受益於聯盟安全機制，亦有路線分歧之時。但是，綜合考量全般情勢，顯而易見雙方合則兩利、分則兩害。

Hungary is an ancient landlocked country in Central Europe. After its founding in the Carpathian Basin in the 10th century, it has long been threatened and ruled by neighboring powers due to its geostrategic location and lack of natural barriers. Even after gaining independence in the early 20th century, it could not avoid this fate. However, in 1989, with the dramatic changes in the international environment and the decline of communism, Hungary followed the pace of decommunization and successfully transformed into a democratic country. After Hungary’s democratization, the geostrategic environment changed dramatically, greatly reducing the direct threats from neighboring countries. When Hungary began to assess the possibility of indirect security threats in the future, it resolutely joined the NATO security mechanism in order to defend national security through military cooperation and practical actions. In the process of interaction and cooperation between the two sides, Hungary benefited from the alliance security mechanism, but there were also times when the routes diverged. However, considering the overall situation, it is obvious that both sides will gain from cooperation and suffer from separation.