「天人雖異，理則一致」──從道法律條與人間法律之關係看《女青天律》的成立及其年代

“Different as Heaven and Humanity Are, the Principles Remain the Same”: The Formation of the Daoist Divine Codes Nüqing Tianlü, a Comparison with Laws and Codes of the Song Dynasty

《女青天律》係近世道法實踐中較受重視的律條，除並不完整的《道法會元》本外，現存尚有刻本3種、道壇抄本3種，可據以復原序文，校勘律條。其序文述《女青天律》降世因緣，既提及其他道法律條，所述編撰流程也與宋代刑律、職官制度關係密切。其律條模仿人間法律，多採用宋以後不再沿用之術語。2種道壇抄本更保留含有具體紀年的律條。綜合眾證，可知《女青天律》可能是在兩宋之際逐漸形成，其定型當不晚於南宋紹興前期，其下限大約在紹興十二年或紹興二十年以前。

Nüqing tianlü女青天律(Divine Codes of Nüqing, lit.“Lady Blue”) holds significant importance as a comprehensive set of Daoist divine codes utilized in the rituals of Daofa huiyuan道法會元(Corpus of Daoist Rituals) during the Song-Ming period. In addition to the incomplete two-volume edition preserved in Daofa huiyuan, there exist three transcribed Daoist altar manuscripts and three woodblock editions of Nüqing tianlüspanning three volumes. These sources play a crucial role in the reconstruction of the text’s preface and collated codes. The reconstructed text reveals the utilization of terms specific to the laws and codes as well as the official system of the Song dynasty, indicating that Nüqing tianlücould not have been formed until after the Southern Song. Notably, a code found in two of the manuscript copies includes“Shaoxing”紹興, the second era of Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song. This suggests that revisions to the text were likely made before 1142 or 1150.