多車道格位傳遞模式之建立與驗證

Development and Validation of Lane-based Cell Transmission Models

本文旨在建立「多車道格位傳遞模式」以呈現市區道路多流向及混合車流之特性。其係利用汽機車競爭函數，模擬汽機車混合車流行為，並納入任意性變換車道及強制性變換車道行為，用以模擬車輛接近路口時的車道變換行為。為驗證所提模式，本研究以花蓮市一路口為實證地點，利用實際車流資料進行模式參數推估及驗證。結果顯示，本多車道格位傳遞模式的流量-密度關係圖與LWR（Lighthill-Whitham-Richards）模式的流量-密度關係圖相似，且加入號誌後，流量變化與時制計畫所設定的相符。至於模式驗證部分，則無論是車輛數、累積變換車道次數、累積流量之均方根誤差值都低於2.02內，而每週期車輛數誤差也幾乎都低於4輛，顯示模式具有相當精確的模擬能力。

This study aims to develop a lane-based, mixed traffic Cell Transmission Model (CTM) to replicate mixed traffic with multiple directions approaching intersections. The proposed refined CTM simulates mixed traffic behaviors by incorporating a competition function for cars and motorcycles, which compete for downstream remaining capacity and space. It also includes discretionary lane-changing (DLC) and mandatory lane-changing (MLC) to model lane-changing behaviors. To tune and validate the proposed model, real-world traffic data from an intersection in Hualien City were collected via video survey. The simulation results indicate that the fundamental diagram produced by the lane-based, mixed traffic CTM model is similar to the LWR model, and that flow rate frustration is closely related to the signal timing plan. Validation results show that the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) values are less than 2.02 vehicles for traffic volume, the accumulated number of lane changes, and accumulated flow. Moreover, the difference in the number of vehicles per cycle is also less than 4 vehicles, indicating satisfactory accuracy in traffic replication.