梅尼爾氏症之營養治療

Medical Nutrition Therapy in Meniere's Disease

梅尼爾氏症被認為是由內耳液體相關問題引起的疾病，除藥物治療之外，若能配合飲食控制將可有助於降低內耳淋巴壓力（endolymphatic pressure），進而減輕症狀。許多食物及飲料中，含有可能加重或導致梅尼爾氏症狀的化合物，因此限制這些食物攝取，有助於減少頭痛頻率及症狀嚴重程度。這些飲食調整包括：限制鹽分、咖啡因、酒精及含酪胺（tyramine）食物，並需搭配足夠水分攝取。建議限制每日鈉攝取量少於2公克（即相當於5公克食鹽）。但國人飲食型態以外食為主，普遍含鈉量較高，也習慣飲用咖啡，應酬喝酒及夏日啤酒也是國人當見的生活型態，有機會加重梅尼爾氏症復發的風險。由於每個人對於食物和飲料的敏感度並不相同，建議記錄食物日誌、作飲食紀錄、食物頻率等量化相關成份的專業調整來減少特定的觸發因素，進而減輕症狀。

Meniere's disease is believed to be multifactorial, primarily caused by the over accumulation of endolymphatic fluid in the inner ear, leading to a condition known as endolymphatic hydrops. This buildup of fluid disrupts normal inner ear function, contributing to the symptoms associated with the disease, such as vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. In addition to drug treatment, dietary control will also help reduce inner ear lymphatic pressure (endolymphatic pressure) and alleviate symptoms. Studies point out: Meniere's disease diet requires limiting salt, caffeine, alcohol, and tyramine-containing foods and adequate fluid intake. Low-salt diet: The recommended daily sodium intake is less than 2 grams (five grams of table salt). At present, Taiwanese eating habits are mostly eating out. Restaurant meals are mostly high in sodium. Taiwan people are also accustomed to drinking coffee and beers in the summer. There are all increase the Meniere's disease recurrence. Due to individual variations in sensitivity to foods and beverages, it is recommended to maintain a food diary, document dietary intake, and quantify related components through food frequency assessments. These professional adjustments aim to reduce specific trigger factors, thereby alleviating symptoms.