警察人員心理韌性、角色衝突與工作倦怠關係之研究

A Study on the Relationship among Psychological Resilience, Role Conflict and Job Burnout of Police Officers

心理韌性的概念自20世紀後期引發學者關注，尤其是對於經常暴露於潛在創傷經歷的職業，其定義為一種心理過程和行為，為了促進個人資產和保護個人免受壓力源潛在的負面影響，依經濟、健康、社會、認知和基於技能的機制，在多重層次垂直相互作用，橫跨多重生活領域水平相互作用以促進個人韌性。警察在高壓工作下如何調適身心、管理情緒，以遂行警察任務，顯示此議題的重要性。本研究試圖了解警察人員心理韌性對角色壓力、工作倦怠影響之現況，期能提供警察組織在人力資源管理之參考。
本研究以臺北市政府警察局所屬基層行政警察人員進行問卷調查。結果發現，角色衝突、心理韌性和情緒耗竭均顯著相關，其中角色衝突呈正相關，心理韌性呈負相關。其次，角色衝突、心理韌性和人格解體均顯著相關，其中角色衝突呈正相關，心理韌性呈負相關。最後，心理韌性和個人成就存在顯著正相關。整體而言，我國警察的角色隨著時代發展不斷轉變，角色衝突確實對個別警察產生影響，進而導致工作倦怠。因此，政府可以增加警察的相關資源來鼓勵警察人員，增強個人心理韌性強度，緩解職業倦怠。本研究僅基於橫斷面數據，有其侷限性，建議後續研究使用縱貫研究以觀察行為隨時間變化的狀況。

The concept of psychological resilience has drawn attentions over the past few decades, especially in occupations that are often exposed to potentially traumatic experiences. In order to promote personal assets and protect individuals from the potential negative effects of stressors, psychological resilience is defined as a mental process and behavior which interacts vertically and horizontally with economic, health, social, cognitive and skill. It is an important issue that how the police officers adjust their bodies and manage their emotions under high pressure work in order to carry out their duties. This report attempts to understand the current situation of police officers' psychological resilience on role conflict and job burnout. Hopes that provide a reference for police organizations in human resource management.
This study conducted a questionnaire survey on the frontline police officers in Taipei City Police Department. The results found that role conflict, psychological resilience, and emotional exhaustion were significantly correlated, with role conflict being positively correlated, and psychological resilience being negatively correlated. Second, role conflict and psychological resilience were both significantly correlated with depersonalization, with role conflict was positively correlated and psychological resilience was negatively correlated. Finally, there is a significant positive correlation between psychological resilience and personal achievement. Overall, the roles of police officers in Taiwan have been changing with the development of the times. Role conflicts have an impact on individual police officers which leads to job burnout. Therefore, the government can provide more resources, including effective psychological support, to encourage police officers, enhance their psychological resilience and alleviate their job burnout. This report was based on cross-sectional data, which has its limitations. It recommend that follow-up studies can use longitudinal studies to observe behavioral changes over time.