失智症患者精神行為症狀非藥物介入方法

Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

失智症是逐漸退化的疾病，需要長期且付出相當多的心力在照護上，且患者常伴隨著精神行為症狀的出現，加劇了照顧任務的難度，容易使照顧者感到過度負荷，可能衝擊照顧者的身心健康及照顧品質。研究發現，照顧者所使用的照顧策略、反應風格都可能會影響失智症患者精神情緒問題發生的頻率及嚴重度，也辨識出多種照顧上的技巧有助於改善患者的干擾行為。然而失智症患者的干擾行為表現面貌多樣，照顧者可能難以掌握，也可能受限於照顧者條件限制，難以有效的應對照顧上的多重問題。因此在臨床工作上，提供照顧者個別化的心理介入或訓練服務，能有助於促進照顧者的照顧技巧，減少問題行為的發生，也能使患者能夠有更好的生活品質。

Dementia is a degenerative disease that requires long-term care and significant effort from caregivers. Patients often exhibit accompanying psychological and behavioral symptoms, which complicate the caregiving tasks and can easily lead to caregiver overload, potentially impacting their physical and mental health as well as the quality of care provided. Research has found that the caregiving strategies and response styles used by caregivers can influence the frequency and severity of emotional and behavioral issues in dementia patients. Various caregiving techniques have been identified as helpful in improving patients' disruptive behaviors. However, the manifestations of disruptive behaviors in dementia patients are diverse, making it difficult for caregivers to manage them effectively. Caregivers may also face limitations in their own circumstances, hindering their ability to address multiple caregiving challenges. Therefore, in clinical practice, providing individualized psychological interventions or training services for caregivers can help improve their caregiving skills, reduce the occurrence of problematic behaviors, and improve the quality of life for patients.