山林、神話與歷史記憶：論甘耀明《成為真正的人》之成長敘事

「成為人」或「成為真正的人」是原住民文化的重要命題，是「成年禮」或「生命蛻變」的歷程，與自己的文化根源有更深的連結。甘耀明《成為真正的人》題名呼應原住民「成為人」的永恆想法，文本以1945年三叉山事件為背景，透過事件所在的山地原鄉之神話故事、山林風物以及大時代的歷史事件，以布農少年在環境脈絡的歷練當作發展的軸線，揭開少年的成長故事。本文聚焦《成為真正的人》之敘事如何回應「成為真正的人」之命題，擬從啟蒙的視點，關注個體蛻變的視域，以及從陷溺與超越的層面，反思創傷經驗構成「成為真正的人」之歷程。論述首先分析少年所受的山林環境及布農文化之洗禮，再觀看歷史記憶的梳理與轉化，如何層層推進帶出生命變幻之敘事，以及探討布農神話傳說如何映襯文本精神內蘊以回應題旨，最後做成結論。

'Becoming a person'' or ''Becoming Truly Human'' is a significant theme in indigenous cultures, representing the rites of passage or transformative journey of life, deeply intertwined with one's cultural roots. Gan Yao-ming's work, ''Becoming Truly Human,'' resonates with the eternal concept of ''becoming a person'' in indigenous cultures. Set against the backdrop of the 1945 Mount Sancha's incident, the narrative unfolds in the mountainous homeland, weaving together mythological tales, the landscapes of the mountains and forests, and the historical events of a tumultuous era. The story revolves around the experiences of a young Bunun boy, using the environmental context as the axis for development.
This analysis focuses on how ''Becoming Truly Human'' responds to the theme of ''becoming a person.'' It explores the narrative from an enlightening perspective, highlighting the individual's transformation, and reflects on the process of becoming truly human from the dimensions of entanglement and transcendence in the face of traumatic experiences. The discussion begins by analyzing the impact of the mountainous environment and the influence of Bunun culture on the young protagonist. It then examines the weaving and transformation of historical memories, illustrating how the narrative progresses layer by layer to reveal the ever-changing essence of life. Additionally, the study explores how Bunun myths and legends echo the spiritual essence of the text in response to its thematic focus. The conclusion ties together these elements to provide a comprehensive understanding of the narrative.