臺灣男性護理學生角色壓力與護理專業承諾之相關性研究

The Relationship Between Role Strain and Nursing Professional Commitment in Male Nursing Students in Taiwan

目的：本研究旨在了解臺灣男性護理學生角色壓力與護理專業承諾之相關性，並探討護理專業承諾的預測因子。方法：本研究採橫斷性調查法，研究對象為臺灣就讀護理科系的男學生，採按規模大小成比例的概率抽樣（Probabilities Proportional to Size,PPS）方式和隨機取樣方法（Random Sampling Method）自全國有招收男護生之各級學校中各抽出二所，包括一般大學、科技大學以及專科學校，對該校所有護理科系男生進行招募，以郵寄問卷進行資料收集。結果：共計回收163份完整填答之問卷。男護生性別角色壓力為中等程度2.88（SD = 0.38），最高的角色壓力構面為「病人角色壓力」；護理專業承諾為中等程度2.78（SD = 0.56），護理專業承諾最高和最低的構面分別為「專業價值認同」和「專業生涯正向評價」。性別角色壓力和護理專業承諾呈負相關（r = -.32,p < .001），而逐步迴歸分析顯示「社區角色壓力」（F = 39.88, p < .001）、「有轉系意圖」（F = 12.13, p < .001）和「畢業後一定會從事護理工作」（F = 7.98, p = .002）為護理專業承諾的預測因子，共可解釋之變異量為29.1%。結論：臺灣男護生的護理專業承諾並不高，而愈高程度的社區角色壓力將使其護理專業承諾降低，因此建議未來社會層面應加強護理的正向價值以及兩性的性別意識，降低因性別刻版固化衍生的社區角色壓力，另在護理教育上，亦可給予男護生更多元化的護理職涯輔導，增進其護理專業承諾。

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between role strain and nursing professional commitment in male nursing students in Taiwan, and then explore the predictors of nursing professional commitment. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The subjects were male nursing students studying in the nursing department in Taiwan. Probabilities Proportional to Size（PPS）Method and Random Sampling Method were used to select two schools from each of the three types of educational system and recruit male nursing students from all over the country including general universities, universities of science and technology, and junior colleges. Data were collected through mailed questionnaires to evaluate the outcome. Results: 163 valid questionnaires were finally collected. The role strain for male nursing students was a medium level of 2.88（SD = 0.38）, and the nursing professional commitment was a medium level of 2.78（SD = 0.56）, revealing a negative correlation（r = -.32, p < .001）. Community role strain（F = 39.88, p < .001）, transfer intention（F = 12.13, p < .001）and willingness to work in nursing workplace after graduation（F = 7.98, p = .002）accounted for 29.1% of the variance of nursing professional commitment. Conclusion: The nursing professional commitment of male nursing students in Taiwan is not high, and a higher level of community role strain would decrease the nursing professional commitment. Thus, it is suggested that the positive value of nursing and gender awareness should be strengthened at the social level to reduce community role strain caused by gender stereotypes. In terms of nursing education, courses on nursing career counseling can also be offered to enhance the nursing professional commitment of male nursing students.