台灣北部某縣市幼兒園教保人員執行視力保健意願影響因子之研究

A study of the related factors of the intention to implement vision health program among preschool teachers in North Taiwan

目的：本研究目的在瞭解幼兒園教保人員執行幼兒視力保健執行意願之影響因子。方法：本研究邀請100位幼兒園教保人員參與研究，於縣市視力保健研習前填答網路問卷，內容包含基本資料、視力保健知識、幼兒近視預防知覺與執行視力保健意願，共回收73份問卷，填答率73%。結果:73為幼兒園教保人員服務學生總人數中位數為115人，76.7%教保人員罹患近視，26.0%為高度近視。35.6%教保人員的子女罹患近視，6.8%教保人員的子女罹患高度近視。視力保健知識正確率達54.8%~97.3%之間，「近視配鏡」正確認知為54.8%。執行視力保健態度（mean=4.0±0.79~4.47±0.65）與意願（mean=4.34±0.69）佳，75.3%教保人員目前已有協助幼兒執行戶外活動。迴歸分析發現「服務學校學生人數」（β=-.268, p<.05）和「身為教師協助幼兒視力保健很有意義」（β= 0.638, p<.001）顯著影響教保人員在校執行視力保健的意願，解釋變異量49.7%。建議：服務學校學生總人數與教保人員自覺協助推動幼兒視力保健的意義性影響其執行意願。建議縣市教育局透過幼兒教師視力保健研習，增進幼兒園教保人員的近視治療與視力矯正觀念，強化教保人員視力保健行為對於孩童的意義與重要性，協助教導教保人員依不同幼兒園所人數設計戶外活動課程，來提升教保人員對於幼兒視力保健的執行意願。

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the related factors of the intention to implement vision health program among preschool teachers in North Taiwan.
Methods: This study invited 100 preschool teachers and completed the online survey with the questionnaires of demographic information, vision health knowledge, awareness of myopia prevention for children, and intention to implement children's vision health program before vision health training. 73 subjects replied to the survey with a response rate of 73%.
Results: The 73 preschool teachers served with a Median of 115 students. 76.7% of teachers suffered from myopia, and 26.0% had high myopia. 35.6% of the teachers with myopic children, and 6.8% of whom had high myopia. The correct rate of vision health knowledge was 54.8%~97.3%. The correct rate of spectacle for myopia is 54.8%. Participants have a high attitude（mean=4.0±0.79~4.47±0.65）and intention to conduct a myopia program. 75.3% have conducted outdoor activities for students（mean=4.34±0.69）. The results of regression analysis have shown that the ''number of students in the service school''（β=-.268, p<.05）and ''Be aware of the significance of helping in myopia prevention for their young students ''（β= 0.638, p<.001）significantly influenced the intention to implement children vision health program when they back to school.
Suggests: It is suggested that the local government should provide training in child vision health to improve the knowledge of preschool teachers. Moreover, the training not only needs to provide update information on myopia prevention and control treatment but also to assist teachers in designing outdoor activity courses for different numbers of students of the significance of assisting children's vision care due to early onset of myopia as to increase the intention and abilities of preschool teachers to implement children vision health program.