士林臧否與適俗導愚——以馮夢龍筆下之王安石的形象與評價為例論其編撰策略

Scholarly Appraisal and Guiding the Common People: A Study of Feng Menglong’s Depiction and Evaluation of Wang Anshi and His Compilation Strategies

馮夢龍不僅是編撰民歌選集、白話小說、戲曲等活躍於晚明出版市場，身兼作者（包含編輯）與出版商身分的文人，更是精研《春秋》，兼具史家身分的儒者。馮夢龍具有的史家身分，對他的編輯活動之影響、作品展現的史家精神與政治關懷，已有學者探討，然而，馮夢龍身兼文人與儒者雙重身分，對不同類型著作的編撰之具體影響，相關研究仍不多。本文以書籍史的馮夢龍研究成果為基礎，考量其不同類型著作營銷的目標讀者群體，以在明中葉以後的士群體間，評價毀多於譽的王安石作為切入視角，對照《古今笑》、《智囊》、《警世通言》、《綱鑑統一》，觀察馮夢龍的不同著作對同一人物的形象塑造與評價，以期能對馮夢龍不同著作之編撰策略，有更具體的認識。

Feng Menglong was not only an active figure in the late Ming publishing market, compiling folk song anthologies, vernacular fiction, and dramas, while serveing as both an author (including editor) and a publisher, but he was also a Confucian scholar deeply versed in the Chunqiu, holding the dual role of historian. Scholars have explored the influence of Feng Menglong’s identity as a historian on his editorial activities, as well as the historical consciousness and political concerns reflected in his works. However, little research has been done on the concrete impact of his dual identities as both literati and Confucian scholar on the compilation of his diverse works.∗Building on existing studies of Feng Menglong’s contributions to history of the books, this paper examines the target readership for his various works, using the controversial figure Wang Anshi whose reputation among scholars after the mid-Ming period was more often negative than positive, as a focal point. By comparing his portrayal in Gujin xiao, Zhi nang, Jingshi tongyan, and Gangjian tongyi, this study aims to offer a more detailed understanding of Feng Menglong’s compilation strategies and how he shaped the image and evaluation of the same historical figure across different types of works.