CODEX進出口食品管理等效性判定國際規範   全文下載

CODEX International Regulations for Determining Equivalence of Import and Export Food Control System

食品安全管理體系與措施，各國不盡相同，可能造成食品國際貿易障礙。聯合國食品法典委員會（CODEX）訂定食品輸入查驗與輸出驗證官方管制國際規範以為國際調和，其中「等效性」之認定為核心原則之一，係輸入國評估輸出國食品安全管理體系及其管理成效與輸入國具「等效性」後，給予市場准入資格。「等效性」以可達輸入國要求之「適當保護水準」為圭臬，輸出國之立法、官方管制計畫與實施情形、管理人力與能力、實驗室量能等，則為「等效性」之評估項目。CODEX歷年已發布「等效性」之評判標準等指引，最新發布的「等效性」規範，更積極促成「等效性」之認定，除保有CODEX傳統兼顧食品安全及貿易公平性之目的外，另一方面鼓勵輸出入國可以共同合作促成「等效性」之認定，以促進更有效運用食品安全管理資源。

Food safety management systems and measures vary from country to country, which may create obstacles to international food trade. The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CODEX) has formulated international regulations for the official control system on food import inspection and export verification for purpose of international harmonization.“Equivalence”is one of the core principles of this official control system. After recognizing“equivalence”with the importing country, market access will be granted to the exporting country.“Equivalence”is based on the“appropriate level of protection”required by the importing country. The exporting country’s legislation, official regulatory plans and the implementation, manpower and capabilities of management, laboratory capacity, etc. are the evaluaton items of“equivalence”. CODEX has issued guidelines for evaluating“equivalence”over the years. The 2023 newly released guidelines are even more proactive, not only maintain the CODEX’s traditional purpose of taking into account both food safety and trade fairness, but also encourage that exporting and importing countries to cooperate to facilitate the recognition of“equivalence”thus promote more effective use of food safety management resources.