障礙服務融入長照據點的在地共生型服務：嘉義實驗

Integration of Local Symbiotic Services into Long-Term Care Bases: An Experiment in Chiayi, Taiwan

研究目的：本文試將障礙服務整合至長照社區據點，實驗共生服務如何增進障礙者的社會參與和整體社會包容。目標：（1）介紹日本共生理念及臺灣共生型服務實驗方案的構想與模式；（2）分析本服務在據點執行的助力、阻力及解方；（3）探討未來發展共生型服務所需的支持。方法：質性研究的深度訪談法。發現：首先，據點工作人員邀請障礙者擔任志工時，可進行意願和能力評估。持續運作關鍵是跨專業支持和社區包容實踐。其次，服務成敗關鍵：（1）據點成員包容度、工作人員專業知識及障礙者和家屬參與度；（2）障礙者作為志工角色，據點發掘其之貢獻以提高長輩接受度；（3）承接單位的量能和支持度。

Purpose: Overemphasis on professionalism in service systems can limit responsiveness to needs and hinder service expansion due to resource constraints. This study aims to develop symbiotic services for individuals with disabilities, integrate these services into long-term care community bases, and evaluate how they enhance social participation and inclusion for people with disabilities. The objectives are: (1) to present the concept of symbiosis from Japan and the operational model of the symbiotic service scheme in Taiwan; (2) to analyze the support, resistance, and solutions related to symbiotic services at the service base; and (3) to explore future support needed for symbiotic service development. Methods: The study utilized in-depth interviews. Findings: First, base staff facilitate involvement by inviting local individuals with disabilities to volunteer or participate in activities, recommending a basic assessment of their willingness and ability. Sustained operation depends on interdisciplinary support and community integration by base members. Second, three key factors affect the success of implementation: (1) the tolerance of base members, staff knowledge, and the cooperation of disabled individuals and their families; (2) the integration of disabled individuals as volunteers, reliant on staff's ability to identify their capabilities and contributions, which improves acceptance among elders; (3) the capacity and support of the undertaking unit. It is recommended to develop personalized service plans through integrated cooperation mechanisms. Lastly, balancing inclusion with professionalism is essential in providing comprehensive symbiotic services to both the elderly and disabled.