社會工作專業在臺灣青少年毒品施用的防制：IPM模式的借鏡

Social Work Professionals in the Prevention and Control of Youth Drug Abuse in Taiwan: Lessons Learned from the IPM Model

冰島物質使用初級預防模式（IPM）是一種社區合作（community collaboration）的方法，主要基於社會偏差理論發展而來，強調「動員整個社會參與對毒品宣戰」。與此相比，國內的反毒政策主要依賴「新世代反毒策略」第2期（110-113年）策略為主，其策略偏向於傳統的健康行為改變理論。
本研究以兒童最佳利益為本位，透過收集相關文獻，並從青少年的次文化、休閒與運動等觀點，探討社會工作專業如何介入青少年毒品施用的防制工作。
本研究主要發現包括：（1）IPM是一種基於社區的、自下而上的方法；（2）該模式旨在為青少年創造有監督的休閒活動機會；（3）父母監督及減少危險行為的機會對防制青少年毒品施用具有關鍵作用；（4）IPM偏向於社會計畫行動模式，因此引入照料性社區（CTC）以彌補其不足之處，使之更具有效性。

The Icelandic Model for Primary Prevention of Substance Use (IPM) is a community collaboration approach developed based on social deviation theory, emphasizing the ''mobilization of the entire society to combat drug use.'' In contrast, domestic anti-drug policies mainly rely on the ''New Generation Anti-Drug Strategy'' Phase 2 (2021-2024), which leans towards traditional health behavior change theories.
This study, grounded in the best interests of children, collects relevant literature and explores how the social work profession can intervene in the prevention of adolescent drug use from the perspectives of youth subcultures, leisure, and sports.
The main findings of this study include: (1) IPM is a community-based, bottom-up approach; (2) the model aims to create supervised recreational opportunities for adolescents; (3) parental supervision and reducing opportunities for risky behaviors play a crucial role in preventing adolescent substance use; (4) IPM leans towards a social planning action model, thus integrating the Community That Care (CTC) approach to address its shortcomings would be more appropriate.