老年病人住院期間憂鬱之相關因子

Depression-Associated Factors among Elderly Inpatients

住院期間中發生的憂鬱可能延伸到出院後，影響長者功能性的恢復。本文以「長者（older adults, seniors）」、「老年病人（aged patients）」、「老年住院病人（elderly inpatients, elderly hospitalized patients）」、「憂鬱（depression）」、「憂鬱症狀」（depressive symptoms）、「住院（hospitalization）」為關鍵字，於華藝線上圖書館、Medline、CIHNEL、PubMed、EMBASE、Google Scholar、PsycINFO進行文獻搜尋。結果發現住院期間發生憂鬱之因子涵蓋前置因子（性別、年齡等）、誘發因子（生理疾病、營養狀態等）和情境因子（醫護人員對憂鬱的重視及知識的多寡等），故建議：（1）應盡早進行篩檢並早期發現住院老年病人憂鬱、（2）建構住院老年病人自我認知、（3）增加身體活動量、（4）增強營養狀況、（5）評估藥物使用的必要性、（6）加強醫療人員憂鬱相關教育、（7）融入家屬於照顧計畫，以預防老年病人住院期間發生憂鬱。

Depression during hospitalization may be ongoing after discharge and impacts the recovery of functional improvement. Systematic literature review was conducted by searching Airiti library, Medline, CIHNEL, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and PsycINFO databases with key words, including ''older adult'', ''seniors'', ''aged patients'', ''elderly inpatients'', ''elderly hospitalized patients'', ''depression'', ''depressive symptoms'', ''hospitalization'' for all relevant articles. The results found factors associated with depression among elderly inpatients include predisposing factors, such as gender, and age, precipitating factors, such as physical illnesses and nutritional status and contextual factors, such as the importance and knowledge of medical staff on depression. The authors recommend to (1) early screen and detect depression among elderly inpatients; (2) built up elderly inpatients' self-consciousness; (3) increase physical activities; (4) enhance nutritional status; (5) evaluate the necessity of medications; (6) strengthen associated-depression education of clinical practitioners; (7) offer family members to care plans to prevent elderly inpatients from depression during hospitalization.