波蘭的國家認同――歷史與文化交織的民族自豪

Poland’s National Identity: A Nation’s Pride Interwoven with History and Culture

本文的重點在透過波蘭的歷史發展，找出其民族主義要素與國家認同的建構，以認同理論提供的脈絡檢視波蘭國家認同的重要驅動力和議題波蘭的國家認同是一個由其複雜歷史、文化遺產和人民韌性編織而成的流動過程。本文探討了定義波蘭國家認同的關鍵要素，包括歷史發展、文化累積以及歐洲一體化的影響，特別是天主教、團結工聯、和加入歐盟後的互動，以及烏克蘭戰爭的因素討論。波蘭人在緬懷光榮的歷史時，對晉身為歐洲強國有所憧憬。同時在遭到瓜分亡國的歷史陰影下，又有些戒慎恐懼。與歐盟和北約的正面關係是對和平繁榮發展的方向選擇，但如何保有自身獨特的國家形象和定位，是民族主義和尊嚴上的平衡，這是未來可見的考量議題所在。

The focus of this article is to identify the elements of nationalism and the construction of national identity in Poland through its historical development. By examining the context provided by identity theory, the article aims to explore the key drivers and issues of Polish national identity. Polish national identity is a fluid process woven from its complex history, cultural heritage, and the resilience of its people. This article investigates the key elements that define Polish national identity, including historical development, cultural accumulation, and the impact of European integration, particularly the interactions with Catholicism, the Solidarity movement, and the factors following Poland’s accession to the European Union, as well as the implications of the war in Ukraine. While Poles cherish their glorious history and aspire to become a strong European nation, they also remain cautious due to the historical shadow of partitions and loss of sovereignty. Positive relations with the European Union and NATO represent a choice for peaceful and prosperous development. However, maintaining a unique national image and positioning is a balance between nationalism and dignity, which is a foreseeable issue for future consideration.