運用多元策略提升失智住民活動之參與率

背景：臨床上發現失智住民參與活動比率偏低，住民互動減少且臥床時間增加，以本機構為例，2021年第一季的失智住民活動參與率為36.7%，引發住民家屬們對機構的照護品質質疑，造成護理師與照服員在面對家屬時的工作壓力與負荷。
目的：提升護理師及照服員對失智住民活動認知的正確率及活動帶領的完整率，進而提升失智住民的活動參與率。
解決方案：失智住民活動參與率低，其主要原因為：一、護理師與照服員對活動認知不足。二、缺少活動作業規範。三、活動缺乏規劃設計。故舉辦單位教育訓練，建立對活動帶領之知識與技能，制定活動作業流程、規劃活動類別與獨特性設計多元策略，包含「行動咖啡車」、「歡樂互動電子書」、「精采生命故事書」、「多功能感官室」讓失智住民都能參與活動增加刺激並提升生活樂趣。
結果：失智住民活動參與率由36.7%提升到83.3%，護理師及照服員對失智住民活動認知之正確率由64%到95.8%，照服員對失智住民活動帶領之完整率由77%到98%。
結論：專案成員運用有限的資源營造舒適的環境，提供失智住民豐富的活動安排，成功提升失智住民活動參與率，增進生活樂趣，提高日常活動功能、促進自我表達及社交互動和減緩認知功能退化。

Background: Clinical observations indicate a low participation rate in activities among residents with dementia, decreased interaction, and increased time spent in bed. At our institution, the activity participation rate of residents with dementia in the first quarter of 2021 was 36.7%. This low rate has raised concerns among residents' families, questioning the quality of care and increasing the workload and stress for nurses and caregivers.
Objective: To improve the accuracy of nursing staff and attendants' understanding of activities suitable for dementia residents and enhance the completeness of activity leadership, thereby increasing the participation rate of dementia residents in activities.
Solution: By brainstorming creative ideas and observing the individual preferences and uniqueness of dementia residents, we designed multiple strategies, including a ''mobile coffee cart,'' ''happy interactive e-book,'' ''splendid life story book,'' and ''functional sensory room.'' These initiatives aimed to increase stimulation and enhance the joy of life for dementia residents.
Results: The participation rate of dementia residents in activities increased from 36.7% to 83.3%. The accuracy rate of nurses and attendants' understanding of suitable activities for dementia residents rose from 64% to 95.8%, and the completeness rate of attendants leading these activities improved from 77% to 98%.
Conclusion: The project successfully utilized limited resources to create a comfortable environment and provide residents with dementia with engaging activities. These efforts enhanced their enjoyment of life, improved daily activities, promoted self-expression and social interaction, and helped slow cognitive function decline.