透過使用者介面設計減輕護理人員負擔──以漏液監控系統為例

Through User Interface Design to Reduce Nursing Staff's Loading: A Case Study of Leakage Monitoring System

台灣是全世界末期腎臟病發生率和盛行率最高的國家之一。在血液透析治療過程中發生輸液滲漏的機率相當高，在台灣護理人員工作負擔越來越重的情況下，可藉由漏液監控技術協助照護病患。然而此類系統的使用者介面仍存在許多可用性問題，因此，本研究以靜脈注射漏液監控系統為樣本進行探討，研究目的包含：1.瞭解使用者對漏液監控系統的使用意願與可用性問題；2.透過危害識別與可用性觀點提出使用者介面更新方案；3.測試介面更新方案，並提出有效之設計原則。過程採螺旋模式：臨床探勘、設計更新、及成效測試三個階段進行研究。經深度訪談、危害識別、專家焦點團體討論、與使用性測試後，提出漏液監控系統的使用者介面設計原則，在監控裝置方面：(1)應避免精細動作、(2)應善用知覺訊息傳達產品功能；在應用程式方面：(3)應對訊息重要程度進行分級、(4)應強化警告訊息呈現的方式、(5)警告訊息應符號與文字並用；在配對流程方面：(6)應減少臨床作業時的配對步驟。研究成果除了可協助改善血液透析時輸液滲漏的照護死角，也能作為未來智慧照護系統的使用者介面設計參考。

Taiwan has one of the highest prevalence rates of end-stage renal disease in the world. The probability of intravenous infusion leakage during hemodialysis treatment is quite high. However, with the continuous deterioration of the medical environment in Taiwan, the workload of nursing staff is getting heavier and heavier. The leakage deteccting system can be used to assist in caring for patients with treatment of hemodialysis. However, there are still many usability problems in the user interface of such systems, therefore, this study uses a intravenous infusion leakage deteccting system as a case for discussion. The aim of this study includes: 1. To understand the user's willingness to use the leakage deteccting system and the operation problems; 2. Propose a modified user interface the viewpoint of hazard identification and system usability; 3. Test the modified interface and propose effective design principles. This study was carried out in a spiral mode: clinical exploration, design update, and modified interface testing. By a mixed method, including in-depth interviews, hazard identification, expert focus group discussions, and usability testing, the user interface design principles of the leakage deteccting system are proposed. In terms of sensing devices: (1) finer movements should be avoided, (2) perceptual information should be used to deliver product functions; in terms of applications: (3) the importance of information should be graded, (4) the presentation of warning messages should be strengthened, (5) the warning message should be used together with symbols and words; in the pairing process: (6) pairing steps in clinical work should be reduced. The results of this study can not only help to improve the care defect of infusion leakage during hemodialysis, but also serve as a reference for the user interface design of smart care systems.