中高齡者日常高強度間歇性身體活動對於健康影響之敘述性綜論

Vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity and health in middle-aged and older adults: A narrative review

緒論：人口高齡化是已開發國家不可避免的趨勢，中高齡者作為慢性病的高風險族群，勢必得發展有效促進該族群身心健康的手段或策略。規律地從事身體活動對於中高齡者具有正向的生理與心理之多重健康效益，也有助於減緩大腦功能退化。近年來有學者試圖探討客觀測量的高強度身體活動與中高齡者的健康結果關聯性，並提出「日常高強度間歇性身體活動（vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity, VILPA）」的概念。方法：本研究以敘述性綜論的方式回顧近年與VILPA主題有關的研究並探討此議題做為未來促進中高齡者健康與相關運動科學領域研究的可能性。結果：目前共有兩篇研究透過大型樣本及客觀身體活動測量工具（配戴於手上之三軸加速規）探討VILPA對於中高齡者健康的結果，並透過機器學習的方式區分受試者是否在從事VILPA，發現每天進行3次或累積4.5分鐘左右的VILPA，能夠降低未來的全死因死亡風險、慢性疾病死亡風險或癌症發生率，但目前關於VILPA的研究仍有其限制。結論：建議未來的研究能夠針對中高齡者的日常高強度身體活動進行其與健康結果關係之探討，研究成果將有助於制定促進高齡身體活動政策，減少中高齡者的慢性疾病與失能風險，進而達到健康老化的目標。

Introduction: Aging populations in developed countries necessitate effective strategies to promote the physical and mental health of older adults, a group at high risk of chronic diseases. Regular physical activity offers numerous physiological and psychological benefits to the elderly, including slowing brain function degeneration. Recent studies have explored the relationship between objectively measured vigorous physical activity (VPA) and health outcomes of middle-aged and older adults and introduced the concept of“Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity (VILPA).”Methods: This study employed a narrative review approach to examine recent research related to VILPA and explored its potential as a future research topic in the fields of geriatric health and exercise science. Results: Two previous studies investigated the impact of VILPA on the health of middle-aged and older adults by using large samples and objective physical activity measurement tools (triaxial accelerometers worn on the wrist). Through machine learning techniques, these studies differentiated participants engaged in VILPA and found that approximately 3–4 minutes of VILPA per day could reduce the risk of all-cause mortality, chronic disease mortality, and cancer incidence. However, current research on VILPA has limitations. Conclusion: Future research should focus on exploring the causal relationship between daily VPA or VILPA and the health of older adults. The findings of such studies could contribute to policies that promote physical activity of older people, help to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and disability, and support the goal of healthy aging.