羈押人口率：落實少捕慎押的另一個面向

中國未決羈押治理實踐中長期存在一種可能的偏見；即認為未決羈押率是未決羈押治理水平的主要評價標準；因此無論未決羈押率下降的原因為何；均被視為未決羈押治理的成績。未決羈押治理水平的評價標準主要應當是羈押人數或羈押人口率；而非單純的未決羈押率。以羈押人口率標準比較中外未決羈押治理水平會發現；中國未決羈押治理水平有很大進步空間。真正貫徹落實依法少捕慎押刑事司法政策是提高未決羈押治理水平的必經之路。從整體視之；則應抓住《刑事訴訟法》第四次修改的契機；對我國刑事拘留制度予以系統性革新；首先廢除37天拘留的實質意義上的羈押制度；並以此為抓手；徹底解決已呈現出結構性特徵的未決羈押難題。

In China's practice of pre-trial detention management, there has long existed a potential bias, which regards the rate of pre-trial detention as the main criterion for assessing management levels. Consequently, any reduction in the pre-trial detention rate, regardless of the reasons, is considered an achievement in detention management. However, the proper metrics for evaluating the level of pre-trial detention management should primarily be the number of detainees or the rate of detention population, not merely the pre-trial detention rate itself. Comparing China's pre-trial detention management with international standards using the detention population rate reveals significant room for improvement. The effective implementation of the criminal justice policy of“arresting less and detaining cautiously according to the law”is an essential path to enhancing the management level of pre-trial detention. From a holistic perspective, the opportunity presented by the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law should be seized to decisively overhaul China's criminal detention system. This starts with abolishing the substantive detention regime of 37-day detentions and using this reform as a lever to solve the structurally ingrained challenges of pre-trial detention.