《廣集華文》中的越南民俗文獻史料舉隅

Examples of Vietnamese Folk Literature and Historical Materials in“Guang Ji Hua Wen”

《廣集華文》是法國人吳低旻（1869–1945）於越南阮朝啟定二年（1917）以監督學政的身分，在河內所出版的一套文選，「撮取群書並諸章程共五百零八章，分為四卷」（卷一「摘取內書」，卷二「摘取外書」，卷三「公文總覽」，卷四「黎庶通書」），廣蒐中國漢籍、越南漢籍和中越漢字公私文書，是19世紀末、20世紀初的重要文獻彙編。這部《廣集華文》是考察傳入越南的中國漢籍的珍貴管道之一，同時它所載錄的越南漢籍與中越各式漢字公私文書，也是我們認識越南漢籍和19-20世紀越南歷史、政治、社會、生活的重要文化資產。本文就其卷之四「黎庶通書」中167篇越南各地的民間文書（內容包括民間契約、來往書信、儀式文書、社會文件等四大類），擇要介紹。這些民間文書篇篇都有相關人物姓名、籍貫與時間，可以看得出來都是越南庶民百姓社會生活的實錄，具有研究越南民俗的寶貴文獻價值，值得關心中越文學與民俗研究者注意。

“Guang Ji Hua Wen”is a set of articles published in Vietnam Hanoi by Wu Di Min （Edmond Nordemann, 1869-1945） in the second year of Khải Định Nguyễn dynasty （1917） in the capacity of supervising academic administration.“A total of 508 chapters were selected from a group of books and articles of association, divided into 4 volumes”（volume 1“Extract inner books”, volume 2“extract outer books”, volume 3“Overview of Official Documents”, volume 4“Almanac of Li Shu”）. It contains public and private documents of Chinese and Vietnamese-Chinese characters and it is an important collection of documents in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This book is one of the precious channels to investigate the Chinese books introduced into Vietnam. Meanwhile, the books in Vietnamese Chinese and various public and private documents of Chinese characters in China and Vietnam recorded in this book are also the important cultural assets for us to understand the books in Vietnamese Chinese and the history, politics, society and life of Vietnam in the 19th and 20th century. In this paper, 167 folk documents from different parts of Vietnam （including contracts, correspondence, ritual documents and social documents） are selected from the fourth volume of“Almanac of Li Shu”. These documents have the names, native places and time of the relevant people, it can be seen that they are records of the social life of the common people in Vietnam, with valuable literature value for the study of Vietnamese folk customs, worthy of the attention of Chinese and Vietnamese literature and folk researchers.