軍人權益事件處理法案之法制評析

Legal Commentary on the Military Personnel Rights Protection Act

為促進軍中人權之躍進及整合軍人雜沓之行政救濟管道，國防部法規業管機關經過多年研議，提出陸海空軍懲罰法修正草案及制定軍人權益事件處理法，並於軍人權益事件處理法中律定由地方軍事法院設置官兵權益保障會，依該法審議決定復審及再申訴事件；由高等軍事法院勤務法庭依軍人權益事件處理法及行政訴訟法審理第一審行政訴訟事件，其立意固然良善；但本文結合立法院公聽會意見認為，除法案名稱及行政訴訟裁判之操作機制上容有疑義外，尚有章名、不利益禁止變更、賦予直屬長官參與訴訟必要性、職權移付審理（上訴）、停止訴訟聲請憲法法庭判決及涉及領導統御之核心爭議等項未盡周延之處，有待持續於授權之配套法規命令中精進設計，同時也呼籲法規業管機關於此程序法未來在細節性、技術性的法規命令中，能有「更細緻化」的補強性表現。

In order to promote the advancement of human rights in the military and integrate the messy administrative remedy channels of military personnel. The Ministry of National Defense has spent many years studying the draft amendments to the Armed Forces Punishment Act and formulating the Military Personnel Rights Protection Act. The Military Personnel Rights Protection Act stipulates that the Local Military Court shall set up a Military Personnel Rights Protection Committee to examine re-review and re-appeal matters. The Higher-grade Military Court service court hears the administrative litigation matter of the first instance. The legislative purpose of the bill is certainly good. However, this article combines the public hearing opinions of the Legislative Yuan and believes that in addition to the controversial name of the bill and the operation of administrative litigation, there is also the chapter name, the second instance court shall not pronounce a criminal sanction greater than the original judgment on a case appealed by the defendant or items such as appealed on behalf of the defendant, the necessity for the immediate superior to participate in the litigation, transfer of powers and hearings (appeals), suspension of litigation and application for Constitutional Court judgment, and core disputes involving the commander in chief are not yet complete. This article calls on the Ministry of National Defense to have ''more detailed'' reinforcement performance in detailed and technical ordinance in the future.