昔時首都市民的街談巷說：臺北市特色諺語考察

Street talk among citizens of the capital: An investigation of Taipei City’s characteristic proverbs

民間俚諺不同歷史文獻，創作者多為市井百姓，藉由口耳相傳，以達街知巷聞，呈現民心本色。臺灣改隸日本，著手慣習調查，令剪辮、解纏足、禁鴉片……等陋習斷除。除了外顯遺風的改變，也促成《日臺俚諺詳解》、《臺灣俚諺集覽》相繼問世，此二鉅著較民國7年（1918）北京大學知識分子提倡「北大歌謠運動」早，更呈現常民特色。隨後李獻璋《臺灣民文學集》更是集其大成，待《民俗臺灣》發行，「民俗」跨越臺日文化界限，成為男女老幼皆可企及的話題，刊物已見臺北市民諺語採集。
戰後，《臺北文物》、《臺灣風物》發行，更有益臺北諺語採集。以《臺灣省通志卷二：人民志．語言篇．臺灣諺語文獻目錄》43筆，臺北市（含士林、北投）即佔8筆。各縣市志俚諺編錄，尠如《臺北市志》者，〈卷四社會志：語言篇〉、〈卷四社會志：風俗篇〉、〈卷十雜錄：叢錄篇〉皆錄諺言多則。惟〈語言篇〉多收情義理類，〈風俗篇〉則取自廖漢臣〈臺北市之特殊諺語〉，而〈叢錄篇〉者與傳說相結合，可見臺北諺語的獨特風貌。
民俗學家陳漢光於民國43年（1954）編輯《陽明山文物》，收錄謝金選〈北投俚諺拾零〉、吳萬水〈陽明山俚諺拾零〉、謝金選〈士林俗語歌〉等《臺灣風物》諸篇，《北投區志》、《士林區志》之俗諺亦多取自該書。隨著臺北市都市化，再加上故舊遷徙、耆德凋零，增益採集困難度。臺北諺語採集多為市民自發性採集、耆宿座談會開辦亦為先河，具創新性與時代性。
自1990年代起，本土意識覺醒，全臺各地興起民間文學採集旋風，各縣市民間文學集亦陸續出版問世，臺北市卻因都市化迅速，而難以徵採。筆者生於臺北市、成長於臺北市，對於故鄉自有一份孺慕之情，隨著老成凋零，許多幼年時期常聞的巷議街談諺語已隨風而逝，筆者期盼藉由此次的梳理，重新找回屬於城市特有的語彙，找到屬於城市的民間文學。

Proverbs have different historical documents, and most of their creators are people . Through mouth, they can be known in the streets and alleys, showing the true of the people. Taiwan was transferred to Japan, and investigations into customary habits were carried out, such as cutting braids, unbinding feet, banning opium, etc, and other bad habits. In addition to the change of the apparent legacy, it also contributed to the publication of Detailed Explanation of Japanese and Taiwanese Slang Proverbs and A Collection of Taiwanese Proverbs. Li Hsianchang's Taiwanese Folk Literature Collection is a collection . When Folk Taiwan is released, ''folk '' crosses the cultural boundary between Taiwanese and Japanese, and has become a topic that can be touched by men, women, old and young. The book has already collected proverbs from Taipei citizens. It was earlier than the ''Peking University Ballad Collect'' initiated by intellectuals in 1918, and it showed the characteristics of ordinary people.
After the war, Taipei Cultural Relics and Taiwan Scenery were released, which is more beneficial to the collection of Taipei proverbs. Of the 43 entries in Taiwan Provincial General Annals Volume II: People's Chronicles˙Languages˙Taiwanese Proverbs Bibliography, Taipei City (including Shilin and Beitou) accounted for 8. The compilation of proverbs in county and city chronicles, such as Taipei City Chronicles, ''Volume 4 Social Chronicles: Language'', ''Volume 4 Social Chronicles: Customs'', and ''Volume 10 Miscellaneous Records: Series Records'' all record proverbs too much. However, ''Language'' is mostly based on emotion, meaning and reason, ''Customs'' is taken from Liao Hanchen's ''Special Proverbs of Taipei City'', and Seriesis mostly combined with legends, and Taipei proverbs also present a variety of urban features.
Folklorist Chen Guanghan edited Yangmingshan Cultural Relics in 1954, including Hsieh Kinhsuan's ''Taiwan Slang Collection'', Wu Wanshui's ''Yangmingshan Slang Collection'', Hsieh Kinhsuan's ''song of Shihlin'', etc. Taiwan scenery. The chapters of Beitou District Chronicles and Shilin District Chronicles are also mostly taken from this book. With the urbanization of Taipei City, coupled with the migration of old people and the decline of elder virtues, the difficulty of collection has increased, so there is no addition of proverbs in ''Continued Revision of Taipei City Chronicle''. The collection of Taipei proverbs is mostly collected spontaneously by the citizens, and the establishment of the elders' symposium is also the first of its kind in Taiwan, which is innovative and contemporary. For the collection of Taipei proverbs, ''Folk of Taiwan'' and ''Taipei Cultural Relics'' are the most abundant, so they are the objects of investigation.
The ''Cultural Assets Preservation Law'' defines ''intangible cultural assets'': ''people'' as the main body, is the product of long-term interaction between ''people'' and history, environment and society. As time goes by, if Taipei proverbs are not sorted out, they may be in danger of dying out. The author is a Citizens of Taipei, and the topic of the master's thesis is folk literature. I look forward to looking through periodicals, local chronicles, newspapers explore Urban development has formed a collective discourse of ''Taipei people''.