休閒的蛻變：臺灣社會變遷下的幸福感兼論生活品質的調節效果

The Metamorphosis of Leisure and Recreation: Well-being Health under Social Change in Taiwan and the Moderating Effect of Quality of Life

本研究旨在探討休閒涉入、休閒活動滿足感、生活品質與幸福感之互依關係與重要性；並透過「臺灣社會變遷基本調查資料庫」(Taiwan Social Change Survey, TSCS)長期追蹤之研究為基礎，數據於2007年開始收集後，於2017年釋出，有效樣本1895人，儘管外在環境的衝擊，卻能從臺灣社會環境變遷中觀察國人休閒生活與休閒活動的蛻變。本研究以IBM SPSS Statistics 25、IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0及LISREL 11.0進行統計分析，先以層級迴歸分析與SEM分群方式等驗證「休閒活動滿足感」變項的中介與條件式中介效果；再採用層級迴歸探討交互作用後，以三個模式比較來進行驗證「生活品質」對休閒活動滿足感與幸福感的關係間具調節效果；最後探討休閒的蛻變之縱向分析。結果顯示，休閒活動滿足感在休閒涉入對幸福感的關係上，具有中介效果，並透過生活品質會調節休閒涉入與幸福感的間接關係，而具有條件式中介效果；生活品質對其幸福感具顯著正向影響；且生活品質對休閒活動滿足感與幸福感的關係間具有調節效果。本研究結論：啟發身、心、靈健康與休閒活動之意識與關懷，追求盡善盡美生活品質與良好親友互動之幸福感將永續相伴，並勾勒現今社會環境變遷下休閒蛻變的重要關鍵。

This study, based on long-term data from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), investigates the interdependence and significance of leisure involvement, leisure activity satisfaction, quality of life, and well-being. Conducted in 2007 and released in 2017, with a valid sample of 1,895 participants, the study aims to explore precisely the transformation of leisure lifestyles and recreational activities among Taiwanese residents influenced by changes in the social environment. Employing hierarchical regression analysis and SEM grouping methods via IBM SPSS Statistics 25, IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0, and LISREL 11.0, the study verifies the mediation effect and conditional indirect effect of the“Leisure Activity Satisfaction”variable. Additionally, it examines the moderating effect of“Quality of Life”between“Leisure Activity Satisfaction”and“Well-Being Health”through three-model comparisons. The results indicate that leisure activity satisfaction mediates the relationship between leisure involvement and well-being. Quality of life is found to affect well-being health significantly and positively and also moderate the relationship between leisure activity satisfaction and well-being health, suggesting a conditional indirect effect. This study also explores the longitudinal aspects of the metamorphosis of leisure and recreation. In conclusion, the findings highlight the interconnectedness of leisure involvement, leisure activity satisfaction, quality of life, and well-being health as critical success factors for navigating the evolving landscape of leisure and recreation amidst current social changes in Taiwan. The study emphasizes the importance of fostering an awareness of leisure activities and promoting holistic health—physical, mental, and spiritual—as integral components of a fulfilling life. Furthermore, the pursuit of a high-quality life and the promotion of well-being and health through meaningful interactions with family and friends are identified as enduring aspects. This research contributes to understanding and adapting to the ongoing social transformations shaping leisure and recreation in Taiwan.