論數字經濟包容性治理的法律激勵

On Legal Incentives for Inclusive Governance of the Digital Economy

數字經濟發展的全方位和多要素性，運行的平臺性、虛擬性、跨界性和高滲透性，風險的系統性和關聯性，以及數字技術驅動的權力、資源扁平化和多中心化表明，亟須構建多元參與、有效互動、資源共享、權利保障、收益共享的包容性治理格局。作為由行動者、資源和行動策略等要素組成的系統性治理架構，數字經濟包容性治理在“ 行動者—資源”框架下面臨多元行動者利益複雜交錯、治理資源分散佔有、行動策略碎片化等困境。可通過科學的法律激勵，借助激勵相容的法律制度，使各主體追求自身利益的行動策略與政府實現數字經濟治理的公共利益目標相耦合，達至多元利益均衡，解決資源與行動者的難題，形成包容性治理的理想狀態。為確保激勵方案轉化為實際治理優勢，除了權力（利）、義務和責任的科學配置外，還應當從成本收益的依法合理分擔、治理行為互信協同的法治促成等方面，對激勵相容的法律制度進行優化。

The all-round and multi-factor development of the digital economy, the platform, virtual, cross-border and high penetration of operation, the systematic and interrelated risks, and the flattening and polycentrism of power and resources driven by digital technology make it urgent to build an inclusive governance pattern of multiple participation, effective interaction, resource sharing, right protection and revenue sharing. As a systematic governance structure composed of actors, resources and action strategies, the inclusive governance of digital economy faces the dilemma of intertwined interests of multiple actors, decentralized ownership of governance resources and fragmented action strategies under the framework of“actors-resources”. Through scientific legal incentives and incentive-compatible legal system, the action strategies of entities pursuing their own interests can be coupled with the government̓s public interest goals in digital economy governance, achieving the balance of multiple interests, solving the problem of resources and actors, and forming an ideal inclusive governance framework. To ensure the transformation of incentive schemes into practical governance advantages, it is necessary to optimize incentive-compatible laws from the scientific allocation of power (rights), obligations, and responsibilities, reasonable sharing of costs and benefits, and legal promotion of mutual trust and collaboration in governance actions.