新《行政覆議法》中的變更決定及其完善

The Alteration Decision and Its Improvement in the New Administrative Reconsideration Law

變更決定是行政覆議實質性化解行政爭議的最主要形式。新《行政覆議法》規定了“內容不適當糾錯型”“未正確適用依據糾錯型”“事實不清、證據不足糾錯型”三種行政覆議變更決定情形，並完善了禁止不利變更規定。新《行政覆議法》強化了行政覆議變更決定體系，細化了行政覆議變更決定的情形，並將變更決定置於覆議決定的第一種類型，以便於更好地實現行政覆議實質性化解行政爭議的主渠道功能。但是，新《行政覆議法》對行政覆議變更決定的規定仍然存在諸多問題，需要進一步完善，同時還需要建立、健全相關配套制度。

The alteration decision is the most important form of substantive resolution of administrative disputes through administrative reconsideration. The new Administrative Reconsideration Law stipulates three types of alteration decisions: ''inappropriate correction of content'', ''correction based on incorrect application'', and ''correction based on unclear facts and insufficient evidence'', and improves the prohibition of adverse alterations. The new law strengthens the system of administrative reconsideration alteration decisions, refines the situation of administrative reconsideration alteration decisions, and places alteration decisions in the first type of reconsideration decisions, in order to better achieve the main channel function of substantive resolution of administrative disputes through administrative reconsideration. However, there are still many problems in the provisions of the new law on administrative reconsideration alteration decisions, which need to be further improved. At the same time, the effective implementation of administrative reconsideration alteration decisions still requires the establishment and improvement of relevant supporting systems.