日治時代臺灣浴佛風俗與相關文藝探究

Customs of “Bathing Buddha Day” in Taiwan during the Japanese Era and Related Literature and Art

從東亞佛教信仰現象來觀察，「浴佛」是「佛誕日」的重要行事，以此延伸出許多風俗文化與文藝創作，在探索佛教與民俗文化、文藝創作相關問題上，自是不容忽略。而本文選擇先以台灣日治時代這樣特殊時空環境下的「浴佛」風俗及文藝，作為考察、探究的對象，實際是著眼於這是西風東漸影響力擴散的時代，也是眾多佛教界有識之士，有感於佛教面臨西方宗教挑戰，參酌日本佛教革新作法，從大發議論到具體改革實踐的階段。本文的研究依據，將以發表於《南瀛佛教》、《臺灣教育》、《詩報》等書刊中，關於浴佛(灌佛)的探源、論述，乃至於透過詩歌讚嘆、感懷(包括古典詩與歌辭)，還有加上感想文為主要論述對象，並佐以上述書刊及《臺灣日日新報》等社會刊物，眾多對於浴佛法事活動的相關報導，以明瞭日治時代臺灣浴佛的風俗與文化面貌、信仰意義之闡發與藝文展現效果，使近代浴佛風俗之實踐與新思潮(佛教現代化、人間化)、大眾感受力的展現，得以清晰明瞭，也成為探索佛教於特定時代、文化氛圍下的發展面貌，特別是呼應改革思想之具體實踐的樣本。

From the perspective of Buddhist beliefs in East Asia, “Buddha bathing” is an important event on “Buddha's birthday”, which extends many customs and cultures and literary creations. When exploring issues related to Buddhism, folk culture, and literary and artistic creations, it cannot be ignored. . However, this article chooses to take the custom of “Buddha bathing” and literature in the special time and space environment of the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan as the object of investigation and exploration. In fact, it focuses on this era when the influence of the west wind spreads to the east, and it is also an era that many Buddhist circles know Scholar, feeling that Buddhism is facing the challenge of Western religions, and referring to the reformation of Japanese Buddhism, from the stage of public discussion to the stage of concrete reform practice. The research basis of this article will be published in “Nanying Buddhism”, “Taiwan Education”, “Poetry News” and other books and periodicals, about the origin and discussion of bathing Buddha, and even praise and feelings through poems (including Classical poems and song lyrics), as well as reflections as the main object of discussion, supplemented by the above-mentioned books and “Taiwan Daily News” and other social publications, many related reports on Buddhist ritual activities, in order to understand Taiwan during the Japanese colonial era The customs and cultural outlook of bathing Buddha, the elucidation of the meaning of belief and the effect of art and literature display make the practice of bathing Buddha custom in modern times, the new trend of thought (Buddhism modernization, humanization), and the display of public sensibility clear, and it has also become an important part of exploring Buddhism. The appearance of development in a specific era and cultural atmosphere, especially the samples of specific practices that echo reform ideas.