皮錫瑞《經學歷史》之「復盛」概念及其歷史圖像建構問題：「環境」與「意識反應」視角下之再思索

The Concept about ‘Fu-sheng’ (Great Again) and Its Historical Image Construction of Pi Xi-rui's Jing Xue Li Shi: according to the research method about ‘Situation’ and ‘Conscious Responses'

本文循史華慈「環境」與「意識反應」之研究法，借重《湘報》、《師伏堂日記》等材料，推證皮氏「中體為道、西用為法、淺妄趨西為藝」的體用觀，在返故存國的立場上，主張尊孔開智、文明排外。然當維新失敗，乃退而藉《經學歷史》之撰述，寄託其關懷，發揚「經、國一體」與「《易》學通變」的史觀，著眼於西漢師法制度與孔子微言大義之連繫性與純粹性，建構出清代「復漢而盛」的歷史圖像。儘管，皮氏對清代經學之描述過分淡化明清連續性，甚至「指師承家學為師法、家法」、「指孤家專學為顓門之學」。然該著所欲傳達的本不完全是歷史事實，而是為了貞定自身茫然感，並期望文明排外理想終得遂現於方將。

This article analyzes the concept about ‘Fu-sheng’ (Great Again) and its historical image construction of Pi Xi-rui's Jing Xue Li Shi: according to the research method about ‘Situation’ and ‘Conscious Responses' from Benjamin I. Schwartz, and refers to the materials such as Xiang newspaper and Shi-fu-tang diary. Pi Xi-rui pointed out the historical image that the Qing dynasty will follow the historical law of the Han dynasty and great again, because he wants to achieve dreams that China can resist the invasion of the West through culture reconstruction. His main idea includes the following two points: the first, the ups and downs of Confucian classics and the strength of national strength are much related; the second, I Ching (Book of Changes) reveals the truth that poverty gives rise to the desire for change. In short, his writing is not only to record history, but also through historical construction to express the love of the country's faith. Therefore, we can understand that some historical errors in Jing Xue Li Shi, in fact, have its own reasons.