「後南社」詩學趨向：從文化傳統和地域因素考察《南社湘集》湘、粵詩歌

Poetic Trend of the“Post-Nanshe”: An Investigation of the Poems of Hunan and Guangdong Members in“Nan She Xiang Ji”from Cultural Tradition and Regional Factors

1923年後，南社遺留下兩大詩學議題：唐／宋詩之爭及傳統／白話詩之爭。以維持南社舊觀為宗旨的南社湘集繼而成立，然其詩人省籍、文化觀、詩學觀三方面都反映了從南社到「後南社」階段的變化。南社湘集最重要的湘、粵詩人群，都有堅持國粹的文化觀和宗宋的詩學風尚，這必須在湘、粵的文化傳統和地域因素中才能得到解釋。本文從文化、文學與地理的關係切入，歷時性地追溯其形成與演變，展現其在雅集唱和中的面向，指出當中體現的共同詩學趨向，正好呼應著南社遺留下的兩大詩學議題，消弭唐、宋詩之爭的內部爭議，共同抗衡白話詩的挑戰，以捍衛傳統詩歌及文化。

After the split of Nanshe, there were two major poetic issues emerged which was the dispute between Tang and Song poetry, and the dispute between traditional and vernacular poetry.“Nan She Xiang Ji”established with the aim of preserving the old essence of Nanshe, and reflected the changes from Nanshe to Post-Nanshe era in the poets’provincial nationality, cultural perspective, and poetics. The Hunan and Guangdong poets within“NanShe Xiang Ji”shared the similar characteristics: they adhered to the cultural essence of Chinese culture and advocated the style of Song poetry. These tendencies can be explained by the cultural traditions and regional factors of Hunan and Guangdong. This paper explores the relationship between the culture/literature and geography, tracing its diachronic formation and evolution. It demonstrates the orientation in the responsory of literati gatherings, highlighting that the common poetic trend embodied in it resonates with the two major poetic issues. This helps to eliminate internal disputes between Tang and Song poems, allowing for a united front against the challenges posed by vernacular poems. The aim is to defend traditional poetry and culture.