論潘德輿批評《石洲詩話》之詩學意義――以蘇詩接受為核心

The Poetic Significance of Pan De-Yu's Critique on Poetry Discourses of Shi Zhou―Focusing on the Acceptance of Su Shi's Poetry

清人潘德輿著《養一齋詩話》，奉《詩經》為圭臬，傳達賦詩言志之詩教觀。此書品評清代詩話，稱翁方綱《石洲詩話》雖受推崇，部分觀點有待商榷，因由啟人疑竇。查考《養一齋詩話》，潘德輿從學詩進路入手，辯證翁方綱評蘇是非，因二書為乾隆朝及道光朝重要詩論，本文比對潘、翁學詩進路異同和蘇詩接受差異，一窺論爭因由和詩學意義。研究指出，道光朝時局動盪，潘德輿主張創作有裨政教，更須脫離唐、宋之爭。翁方綱亦重《詩經》，希冀由此調和唐、宋之爭，遂以學詩進路為題頌揚蘇詩，宣傳經學入詩合理性，乃受乾隆朝思潮影響欲迴避政治，卻也因此重蹈覆轍。為此潘德輿力排眾議，重新規劃學習《詩經》進路，主張蘇詩為別調，進而重振詩歌現實意義。是知潘德輿批評《石洲詩話》，源自雙方蘇詩接受差異，導致學習《詩經》方式有別，凸顯乾隆至道光之際，詩壇隨著時局變遷，逐漸重視現實現象。

Pan De-Yu's work, Poetic Discourses of Yang Yi Zhai, places the Shi Jing as a guiding principle, conveying poetic and educational views on expressing aspirations through poetry. This book critiques poetic discussions in the Qing Dynasty, praising Weng Fang-Gang's Poetry Discourses of Shi Zhou while acknowledging certain points that require scrutiny, sparking intellectual curiosity. In his examination of 'Poetic Discourses of Yang Yi Zhai,' Pan De-Yu conducts a comprehensive analysis by exploring the paths of poetic learning and debating Weng Fang-Gang's evaluation of Su Shi. Both books are significant poetic treatises from the Qianlong and Daoguang eras This study compares the similarities and differences in the paths of Pan and Weng's poetic scholarship, as well as the disparities in their reception of Su Shi's poetry, shedding light on the reasons for their disputes and the poetic significance therein. The research reveals that during the tumultuous times of the Daoguang era, Pan De-Yu advocated for creative works that contribute to political and educational goals, emphasizing the need to move beyond the Tang-Song literary debates. Weng Fang-Gang, also valuing the Shi Jing, aimed to reconcile the Tang and Song disputes through this lens, using the path of poetic learning to praise and propagate Su Shi's poetry while advocating the rational integration of Confucian studies into poetry. Influenced by the ideological trends of the Qianlong era, seeking to avoid overtly political discussions, both scholars inadvertently repeated historical mistakes. Against prevailing opinions, Pan De-Yu restructures the approach to studying the Shi Jing, advocating for Su Shi's poetry as a distinctive style, thereby revitalizing the practical significance of poetry. It is evident that Pan De-Yu's critique of Poetry Discourses of Shi Zhou stems from the divergent reception of Su Shi's poetry, resulting in disparate approaches to studying the Shi Jing and highlighting the changing landscape of the poetic world from the Qianlong to the Daoguang era, wherein a gradual shift towards valuing realistic phenomena becomes apparent.