原鄉部落社區聯結對居民主觀福祉影響之研究：對部落社區治理的意涵

Impact of Tribal Community Connection on Residents' Subjective Well-Being: Implications for Tribal Community Governance

本研究旨在探討原鄉部落社區聯結對居民主觀福祉的影響，並據以提出促進部落社區居民福祉的相關建議。本研究以量化研究進行，部落社區聯結係由社區意識與社區參與兩個量表組成，社區意識包括社區信任和社區歸屬兩個次面向，社區參與包括個人行動與集體行動兩個次面向；居民主觀福祉係由心理福祉、安全福祉與生活品質三個量表組成。本研究以臺灣地區16個原住民族中人數最多的4個族群為研究對象，並以該族群居住縣市最多者為研究場域，再依採取叢集取樣法隨機自各縣市抽取5個部落，並以部落中20歲以上的原住民為研究參與者，共計完成有效問卷491份。研究結果顯示，部落社區聯結與居民主觀福祉的各個面向皆有顯著正相關，且大多數部落社區聯結的各面向對居民主觀福祉各面向皆具有顯著的預測力。經討論與分析後，本研究提出四項促進原鄉部落社區居民主觀福祉的建議：（1）強化以「部落社區聯結」作為部落治理的途徑，以促進族人的福祉和幸福；（2）加強部落社區利害關係人之間的信任關係，以活化信任對福祉與幸福價值；（3）打造從「意識」到「行動」的轉化機制，以提升族人的安全福祉；以及（4）營造帶有「個人充權」的「集體動員」，以提升集體行動對個人福祉的貢獻。

This study aims to explore the impact of tribal community connection on subjective well-being (SWB) of residents, and to provide relevant suggestions to promote the well-being of residents. This study was conducted through quantitative methods. Tribal community connection is composed of two scales: sense of community and community engagement. The former includes two sub-aspects: community trust and community belonging. The latter also includes two sub-aspects: individual action and collective action. The SWB consists of three aspects: psychological well-being, safety wellbeing and quality of life. The 4 largest ethnic groups among the 16 indigenous groups in Taiwan were sampled as the research subjects. Indigenous people age over 20 from 5 tribes of each ethic group were interviewed, and a total of 491 valid questionnaires were completed.
The results show that tribal community connection has a significant positive correlation with all aspects of SWB, and most aspects of tribal community connection are significant predictors for all aspects of SWB and self-rated happiness. According to discussion and analysis, this study proposes four suggestions to promote the wellbeing tribal residents: (1) Strengthen ''tribal community connection'' as a path of tribal community governance to promote the well-being and happiness of residents; (2) Consolidate trust relationships among stakeholders in tribal communities to activate the value of trust to well-being and happiness; (3) Create transformation mechanism from ''sense'' to ''action'' to improve the safety well-being of residents; and (4) Create ''collective mobilization'' with ''individual empowerment'' to enhance the contribution of collective action to individual well-being.