低齡未成年人罪錯行為的法律規制

On the Legal Regulation of Juvenile Delinquent Behavior

近年來，未成年人罪錯行為低齡化呈明顯上升趨勢，對低齡未成年人罪錯行為進行有效法律規制是應對這一問題的關鍵工程。我國當前的少年司法制度呈現行政干預體系與刑事司法體系的二元結構，未成年人司法附屬於成人刑事司法體系。在缺失針對性的單一行政干預體制下，低於刑事責任年齡未成年人的罪錯行為是需要各界密切關注的規制範疇。對此，單純依靠個別降低刑事責任年齡是遠遠不夠的，依據雙軌制少年司法體系，除了在《刑法修正案（十一）》規定的範圍內啟動刑事追訴外，還應當進一步釐清低齡罪錯未成年人處理的層次與標準；通過聯動強制親職教育提升家庭監管能力，並盡可能做到“一家庭一方案”；在實施專門矯治教育制度的過程中，對未成年人人身自由有限制的措施，應當由法院通過司法化程序來統一適用。在尊重低齡未成年人罪錯行為“自愈”規律的前提下，確保公權力的有效介入，實現未成年人保護的真正價值。

In recent years, the juvenile delinquency behavior shows an increasing trend at a younger age. Effective legal regulation of juvenile delinquency behavior is the key project to solve this problem. The current juvenile justice system in our country presents a dual structure of the administrative intervention system and the criminal justice system, with the juvenile justice attached to the adult criminal justice system. The delinquency of minors below the age of criminal responsibility is a regulatory category that needs close attention in the absence of a single targeted administrative intervention system. In this regard, it if far from enough to rely solely on lowering the age of criminal responsibility; under the two - track juvenile justice system, in addition to initiating criminal prosecution within the scope of the Criminal Law Amendment (XI) , the levels and standards for handling minors below the age of criminal responsibility should be further clarified; Enhancing family supervision ability through linked compulsory parenting education, and trying to achieve ''one family, one plan''; In the process of implementing the special corrective education system, the measures restricting the personal freedom of minors shall be uniformly applied by the court through judicial procedures. On the premise of respecting the law of ''self-healing'' of juvenile delinquency, we should ensure the effective intervention of public power to realize the real value of juvenile protection.