行政檢察建議的實踐樣態、制度邏輯與規範路徑

The Practice Form, Institutional Logic and Normalized Path of Administrative Procuratorial Suggestion

行政檢察建議是檢察機關行使法律監督職權的重要方式。在我國，行政檢察建議的實踐樣態多樣，實踐中發揮了較好的行政權制約監督作用，但也存在適用範圍不清、強制約束力較弱、法律規範依據“先天不足”等問題。從制度發生的角度來看，行政檢察建議的產生有其外生性制度邏輯和內生性制度邏輯。外生性制度邏輯在於社會治理的需求和政策驅動，而內生性制度邏輯在於中國特色權力制約監督理論、行政檢察建議的制度本質與設計目的。為了保持這兩種邏輯的統一性，解決實踐中存在的問題，應從以下幾個方面規範行政檢察建議：在權力制約監督關係的整體視野下，明確行政檢察建議的權力屬性和權力行使的限度；綜合考慮各種影響因素，推動行政檢察建議的類型化；建立檢察機關與行政機關的交流會商和聯動的程序性機制；加強檢察機關內部監督，切實提高行政檢察建議質效。

Administrative procuratorial suggestion is an important way for procuratorial organs to exercise legal supervision. In our country, the practice of administrative procuratorial suggestions is diverse and plays a good role in restricting and supervising the administrative power in practice, but there are also some problems and potential impacts, such as unclear scope of application, weak compulsory binding force, and ''congenital deficiency'' of legal norms. From the perspective of institution generation, the emergence of administrative procuratorial suggestions is subject to exogenous institutional logic, which is driven by the needs and policies of social governance, and endogenous institutional logic, which is based on the theory of power restriction and supervision with Chinese characteristics, the nature of administrative procuratorial suggestions and the restriction of compulsory binding force. In order to maintain the unity of these two kinds of logics and solve the problems existing in practice, we should standardize the administrative procuratorial suggestions from the following aspects: In the overall view of the power restriction and supervision relationship, we should make clear the attribute positioning and scope of application of administrative procuratorial suggestions; We should promote the typification of administrative procuratorial suggestions, and determine different normalized standards according to different types; We should establish the exchange and consultation mechanism and linkage mechanism between procuratorial organs and administrative organs; We should strengthen the internal supervision of procuratorial organs, and effectively improving the quality and efficiency of administrative procuratorial suggestions.