弱勢貧困青年參與能力取向方案之經驗初探

Experiences of Taiwanese Young Adults from Socioeconomic Disadvantaged Backgrounds in a Capability Approach Program

弱勢貧困青年就業為當代社會重要議題，家扶基金會以資產累積福利理論發展「青年自立釣竿方案」，後續結合Amartya Sen提出之能力取向（capability approach），培力弱勢貧困青年發展生涯與就業技能，透過參與增加能動性，以達成生活適應目標。本研究採「多重質性序列混合研究設計法」，探討弱勢貧困青年參與能力取向方案之主觀經驗及如何運用能力於生活適應。
主題分析資料發現，方案培養團隊、領導、關懷、創造、行動、就業及反思等能力，有助弱勢貧困青年思辨未來方向、增進社交技巧及以正向態度面對逆境。另，受訪者建議應持續以參與式服務設計促進功能發揮，並加強就業力培養。最後，本研究討論能力取向運用於弱勢貧困青年服務，針對能力培養及就業支持提出實務建議。

The Taiwan Fund for Children and Families established its Youth Capacity-Building Program to help Taiwanese young adults from socioeconomic disadvantaged backgrounds develop life adaptability. The current study explored how the abilities and capacities developed in the program assisted Taiwanese young adults adapt to work and life. This study adopted a qualitative mixed method design, collecting data through in-depth interviews and Internet feedback forms to understand the experiences of young adult from socioeconomic disadvantaged backgrounds participating in the Capability Approach Program.
This study discovered that the program led to the development of teamwork skills, leadership, caring, creativity, proactivity, employability, and self-reflection in Taiwanese young adults, enabling them to improve their communication abilities and social skills and to develop a positive attitude to face their life adversities. In addition, the interviewees suggested that future participants would be benefit from the program if it provides opportunities to engage in learning, career-planning coaching, and employment assistance for self-reliant young adults. Service delivery and capacity building for young adults from socioeconomic disadvantaged are also discussed.