婦癌婦女症狀困擾、社會支持、靈性安適與生活品質之相關性研究

Symptom Distress, Social Support, Spiritual Well-Being, and Quality of Life Among Women With Gynecologic Cancer

背景：婦癌婦女歷經癌症診斷、手術到輔助化學治療及放射治療導致之身心困擾，造成身體、心理、社會及靈性之負面衝擊而影響其生活品質。
目的：探討婦癌婦女症狀困擾、社會支持、靈性安適與生活品質的相關性及生活品質之預測因子。
方法：橫斷式相關性研究設計，於台中某醫學中心進行收案，共招募91位符合收案條件之婦癌婦女進行問卷調查，問卷包括：人口學特性、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷、症狀困擾量表中文修訂版、簡式中文版社會支持量表及靈性安適量表，以SPSS 26.0之皮爾森積差相關、逐步複迴歸分析進行統計檢定。
結果：症狀困擾與靈性安適呈負相關，症狀困擾與生活品質之生理健康、心理健康和環境健康範疇呈負相關，而社會支持、靈性安適與生活品質四個範疇呈正相關。社會支持為生活品質之主要預測因子。
結論／實務應用：建議將症狀困擾、社會支持與靈性安適之議題納入護理教育中，提升醫療人員對相關議題之關注並能及時評估其需求，提供適切之社會支持與靈性關懷，尤其應介入跨團隊照護或轉介相關支持性團體，提供適切支持以提升臨床照護品質，進而增進個案之生活品質。

Background: Women with gynecological cancers experience physical and mental distress due to their diagnosis, surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, all of which have adverse physical, mental, social, and spiritual impacts on their quality of life.
Purpose: This study was designed to examine the correlations among symptom distress, social support, spiritual well-being, and quality of life as well as the predictors of quality of life in women with gynecological cancers.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. A total of 91 women with gynecologic cancer were recruited from a medical center in central Taiwan. A demographic characteristics questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire Taiwanese version, the Chinese Modified Symptom Distress Scale, the Chinese Simplified Social Support Scale, and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale were used for data collection. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed on the data.
Results: Symptom distress was found to correlate negatively with spiritual well-being as well as with the physical health, psychological health, and environmental health domains of quality of life. Social support and spiritual well-being were found to correlate positively with all four domains of quality of life. Social support was identified as the main predictor of quality of life.
Conclusions/ Implications for Practice: Symptom distress, social support, and spiritual well-being should be incorporated into nursing education to improve medical staff awareness of these issues and promote the timely evaluation of patient needs. Moreover, medical staff should provide appropriate social and spiritual support and multi-disciplinary care as well as make referrals when necessary to related support groups to improve clinical care quality to enhance patient quality of life.