留學中國的韓國中國研究專家之發展、觀點與特點

The Development, Perspective and Characteristics of China-Trained Korean China Studies Scholars

知識社會學著重於瞭解知識產生的外部情境。在過去，韓國的中國研究發展受制於「冷戰」的外部因素，以「留美派」與「留臺派」為主導。但隨著韓中建交，前往中國取得博士學位的韓國留學生逐漸增加，並形成了一個新的學術社群，被稱為「留中派」。留中派在韓國的中國研究當中占有主要地位，但他們的研究仍需進一步探討。本文將「留中派」作為研究對象，並詳細考察留中派的現況和研究方法，以期深入瞭解他們在韓國的中國研究中的地位。多數留中派在北京大學取得博士學位，這有助於深入瞭解中國社會和政治，但也有可能限制研究多樣性。此外，隨著中國崛起，韓國對中國區域研究的需求不斷增加，使留中派在韓國的對外政策中變得更為關鍵。留中派在中國當地接受教育，具備明顯優勢，包括語言、歷史、文化、經濟、社會以及政治等方面的知識，並建立龐大人際關係，從而產出實證的研究成果。然而，這也可能使他們被視為接近中國主流觀點。但留中派內部存在著多樣的立場和觀點，不應將之化約為全盤具有相同意見的學術社群。如今韓國社會普遍存在對中國的憤怒情緒，尤其在薩德爭端和經濟制裁後，韓國民眾對中國感到反感。留中派有責任以學術專業和研究倫理為基礎，對待中國議題採取客觀和實證的態度，並思考如何克服國家利益與民眾反感之間的差距。

The sociology of knowledge emphasizes that in exploring the production of knowledge, one must deeply understand the external factors that affect the nature of knowledge. In the past, the development of Chinese studies in South Korea was influenced by external factors such as the“Cold War.”Before the establishment of diplomatic relations between South Korea and China, Chinese studies in South Korea were mainly dominated by the US-trained group and Taiwan-trained group. However, with the establishment of diplomatic relations between South Korea and China, the number of South Korean students pursuing doctoral degrees in China gradually increased, forming a new academic community known as the China-trained group. The China-trained group has an absolute majority in terms of quantity in South Korea’s Chinese studies, and currently dominates the field. However, there is still insufficient research on them. This article will focus on the China-trained group as the research object and examine their current situation and research methods in detail, in order to gain a deeper understanding of their position in South Korea’s Chinese studies. The majority of the China-trained group obtained their doctoral degrees from Peking University. This may have an impact on Korean research on China, including facilitating a deeper understanding of Chinese society and politics, but it may also limit research diversity. In addition, with the rise of China, the demand for China’s regional research in Korea has been continuously increasing. Consequently, the role of the China-trained group faction in Korea’s foreign policy has become increasingly significant. In terms of research methods, compared to other academic communities, the China-trained group who received education in China not only has a significant advantage in Chinese language, history, culture, economy, society, and politics but has also established extensive interpersonal relationships in China, thus obtaining empirical research results. The China-trained group, while having sufficient academic resources and interpersonal networks to contribute to Korean research on China, is also often perceived as Pro-China. However, within the China-trained group, there are diverse positions and perspectives on China’s issues. As such, they should not be considered as a homogeneous academic community with only one viewpoint or position. Currently, there is widespread anger towards China in Korean society, especially after the THAAD dispute and economic sanctions. Lastly, the China-trained group has the responsibility to approach China’s issues with academic expertise and research ethics, adopting on objective and empirical attitude, and considering ways to bridge the gap between national interests and public antipathy.