探討元宇宙NFT遭濫用於犯罪之不法樣態

Exploring Patterns of NFT Misuse for Criminal Activities in the Metaverse

「元宇宙」（Metaverse）是近年熱門的議題，NFT也成為熱門投資標的，大批投資客投入，交易所、項目與營運團隊也紛紛成立，在現行我國法律環境下，NFT僅為運用區塊鏈技術、並且具備獨一無二特性代幣的總稱，不同的運用場域將導致其具備不同的特性。儘管NFT應用仍然在發展、法律定性仍然模糊，並無統一見解，但金錢的流動及狂熱的市場，不僅引起全球監管機關的注意，更引來不法犯罪份子的注意，甚至加以利用，本文在此前提下進一步研析NFT遭濫用於犯罪之不法樣態。
現時許多與NFT相關的不法事件，如詐騙與洗錢的發生，導致投資者損失慘重，本文整理較為大宗事件如惡意連結與網站、Rug Pulls、內線交易、智財權爭議並輔以數據統計資料及台灣司法實務之研析，希望能夠建構出元宇宙NFT遭濫用於犯罪之不法樣態，並釐清實務上犯罪偵查NFT犯罪之特殊性。

“Metaverse”has gained popularity in recent years, with NFTs also emerging as a popular investment virtual asset. Many investors have poured into“meta space”, and numerous exchanges and operational teams have been established. However, simultaneously, there have been numerous illicit activities related to NFTs, such as fraud and money laundering, resulting in significant losses for investors. Illicit activities associated with NFTs encompass various forms, including malicious links and websites, Rug Pulls, insider trading, intellectual property disputes, and more.
Under the current legal framework in our country, how should victims seek legal remedies? Do these actions constitute fraud or money laundering? In the realm of NFT-related crimes, the predominant pattern in our country's judicial practice is investment fraud. Nevertheless, Taiwan's judicial system is still in its early stages of establishing mechanisms to address the Metaverse, and its regulatory stance towards NFTs tends to be cautious. There is no specific governing authority or regulatory framework for NFTs, and many disputes are still awaiting the accumulation of relevant judicial precedents. Furthermore, it is necessary to clarify the unique characteristics of NFT-related crimes in terms of criminal investigation practices.