論輔廣對朱熹《詩經》「言外之意」的詮釋與展開

On Fu Guang’s Interpretation and Development toward Zhu Xi’s theory of“Yan Wai Zhi Yi”based on Shijing

本文主要探討的是輔廣對朱熹《詩經》「言外之意」的詮釋特點及方法。朱熹註解《詩經》時，為要避免〈小序〉的干擾，試圖還原《詩經》文本之意，但是他同時也留意到《詩經》富有「言外之意」，卻沒有進行系統化的闡釋。其弟子輔廣在《詩童子問》中，發揮朱熹《詩傳綱領》中「言外之意」的觀點，並將〈詩大序〉「發乎情，止乎禮義」作為「言外之意」的核心概念，試圖從《詩經》文本內容與修辭手法中，揭露人之情性問題的複雜性，並且指出其理想狀態，展現出不同於尊《序》學者的詮釋旨趣。

This article mainly discusses the characteristics and methods of Fu Guangs interpretation toward Zhu Xi’s“Yan Wai Zhi Yi”(perlocutionary intent,言外之意) theory based on Shijing《詩經》. When Zhu Xi annotated the Shijing, in order to avoid the interference from the“Xiao Xu”(“Small Preface,”〈小序〉), he tried to restore the meaning based on the text of Shijing. Besides that, Zhu Xi also noticed that there was“Yan Wai Zhi Yi”inside the Shijing, but the systematic interpretation had not been done. In Shi Tong Zi Wen《詩童子問》, Zhu Xi’s disciple Fu Guang, who developed his viewpoint on“Yan Wai Zhi Yi”from his book Shi Zhuan Gang Ling《詩傳綱領》. Fu Guang took the“arises from the affections and comes to a stop in ritual (發乎情止乎禮)”in the“Shi Da Xu”(“The Great Preface”,〈詩大序〉) as the core concept of“Yan Wai Zhi Yi”. Based on which, he attempted to expose the complexity of Qing (情) and Xing (性) in human being from the content and rhetorical techniques of Shijing, and indicated the ideal condition. As mentioned above, it reveals the difference of the purport of the interpretation between Fu Guang and the scholars who respect the Shi Xu (詩序).