高中英語教科書中的片語動詞分析：與美國當代英語語料庫之比較

An Analysis of Phrasal Verbs in English Textbooks for Senior High Schools: A Comparison with COCA Corpus

片語動詞由動詞與介系詞或副詞組成，不易教學，卻是語言流暢的指標。但臺灣的英語教學忽略之，政府未提供片語動詞列表，使教師、教科書書商、測驗發展者無所適從。為暸解英語教科書中片語動詞選用與其本質，本研究以市佔率最高的高中英語教科書M與L兩版本為例，分析其片語動詞，以探究語言真實性。研究者利用Excel公式VLOOKUP，比較書中所列片語動詞與美國當代英語語料庫前100個最廣泛使用的、學術寫作最常使用的，並計算重疊率、列出重疊的片語動詞。同時，針對重疊的片語動詞，研究者利用兩個線上英語辭典與英語教科書，列出其多重意義，並計算平均值。結果顯示，M版本有21.1%（23.7%）的（學術寫作）片語動詞與語料庫重疊；L版本則有28.8%（30.4%）的重疊率。研究亦發現，兩版本中的片語動詞平均只有1.10個意義，與線上字典的4.5個意義相差甚遠。上述結果將對臺灣的高中英語教師、教科書書商、測驗發展者有很大啟發。本研究亦提出片語動詞的教學建議。

Phrasal verbs (PVs), grammatical elements that consist of a verb and a preposition or an adverb, represent one of“the most notoriously challenging aspects of English language instruction”(Gardner & Davies 2007 339); nevertheless, some mastery of PVs is essential in the development of language fluency. However, PVs are sometimes inadequately covered in Taiwan’s English education programs due to a lack of availability of any systematic word lists of PVs that might provide guidance for English teachers, textbook editors, or language test designers. With the purpose of examining the selection of PVs and their characteristics, this study investigates examples of PVs in two of the most widely used senior high school level English textbooks (M Book and L Book) to determine whether the language use is authentic. With the Excel formula VLOOKUP, the researcher compares the listed PVs in English textbooks with the top 100 most frequently used PVs in general use and academic written forms in Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), quantifies the overlapping ratio, and lists the overlapped PVs. The researcher also analyzes two online English dictionaries and the English textbooks to list the meanings of the overlapped PVs and calculate the average. The results show that 21.1% (23.7%) of the (academic written) PVs in M Book are overlapped with the corpus data, while the overlapped ratio of the PVs in L Book is around 28.8% (30.4%). It is also found that the PVs in the two textbooks have only 1.10 meanings on average, compared to 4.5 meanings in online dictionaries. These findings have implications for high school English teachers, English textbook editors, and language test designers in Taiwan. Pedagogies for teaching and learning PVs are also suggested.