遊戲治療中目睹家庭暴力兒童的家庭暴力認知與行為問題改變情形之個案研究

A Boy's Perspectives on Domestic Violence and the Change in Behavioral Problems Following Play Therapy

本研究以一位12歲目睹家暴男童為研究對象，由一位諮商心理師進行14次個別遊戲治療，治療過程錄影錄音並謄寫成逐字稿，進行質性資料分析，探討目睹家庭暴力兒童在遊戲治療中對家庭暴力的認知，結合個案在接受遊戲治療前後填寫「國小兒童自我概念量表」的得分作為輔助資料；並以母親在治療前後填寫的「兒童問題行為檢核表」得分，探討個案行為問題之改變情形。結果發現：第一，個案對自己的看法不論是在遊戲治療過程中或「國小兒童自我概念評量表」的得分，均呈現正向態度。第二，個案認為母親在家暴事件中可能是脆弱的，但在親子關係中，則是一個凡事會幫個案決定的母親。第三，個案懷念父親過去對自己的照顧，也期待父親返家，對於施暴的父親存在著愛與恨的矛盾感受。第四，個案出現與案弟之間的手足競爭，但沒有足夠的證據顯示這個現象直接與目睹家暴有關。第五，對於家暴事件，個案未出現自責，也沒有明顯責怪施暴的父親或同情受暴的母親。第六，個案在接受遊戲治療之後，其整體行為問題表現、內化行為問題、外化行為問題均有所改善。

This case study explores the perspectives of a 12-year-old boy client on domestic violence after witnessing his father beating his mother, and the change in Behavioral problems after play therapy. The client received 14 sessions of play therapy that were videotaped and transcribed. Qualitative data were analysed based on the research template, including perspectives on the self, the family, and domestic violence. Quantitative data were collected using the Chinese edition of the Self-Concept Scale of Elementary School Children and Achenbach's child behaviour checklist at pre-therapy and post-therapy, to evaluate the curative effects of play therapy. The following results included: 1. a positive client self-concept; 2. the client was concerned that his mother made most of his decisions for him; 3. the client expressed ambivalent feelings towards his father; 4. sibling rivalry was another concern requiring management for the client; 5. the client assumed self-blame for the domestic violence and did not express sympathy for his mother or blame for his father; 6. the client's behavioural problems decreased following play therapy.