當前憲政議題與方案（2004-2008）

憲政體系係由憲法本文與增修條文所構成，並以司法院大法官歷年來所作的解釋為補充。我國憲法自民國36年12月25日實施以來，歷經政府遷台以來之最大的變革，並自民國80年起一共進行六次修憲。六次修憲主要完成：地方自治法制化、民主選舉之引進、雙首長制（指國安會議與人事行政局等之入憲）、總統直選、總統任命行政院長無須立法院之同意、精省、國大虛級化、國家機關之設置改以組織基準法為之、確立兩岸分立分治的事實，而不再將中共界定為叛亂團體，以及基本國策的增補。其中民國88年9月15日第五次修憲將國大任期延任兩年又42天，遭司法院大法官釋字第499號解釋宣告違憲。

Taiwan’s constitutional system needs to be amended to enable the country to effectively respond to the fierce international competition that it currently faces. However, such issues as national and territorial sovereignty, and reunification or independence, should not be addressed by new amendments at present, since a popular consensus thereon has not yet emerged.
Generally speaking, there is support for amending human rights clauses and revising stipulations on national policies. But modification of the structure of central government—such as choosing among the adoption of a cabinet, presidential, or dual executive system—is and will remain a highly contentious area of political dispute.
With regard to legislative reform, the Legislative Yuan has already resolved in favor of the adoption of a combined single-member constituency and proportional election system, as well as the abolishment of the National Assembly and its replacement by popular referendum to make decisions on changes to the constitution. Although retention of the Examination Yuan and the Control Yuan in their current forms is still being debated, it is generally agreed that the functions of these institutions should be retained.
Constitutional amendments should further clarify the strategic relationship between central and local governments. Relations between the state and various racial and ethnic groups and between and among such groups should be conducted with a view to promoting cultural, linguistic, and economic diversity rather than emphasizing and intensifying their separate identities.