學校組織行為之微觀政治探究

Micropolitical Inquiry of Organizational Behavior in Schools

本文旨在探討近來學校組織行為研究一個重要的研究取向─「微觀政治學」。本文指出微觀政治學乃是傳統學校組織行為理論的反動，教育從業人員與研究學者應洞悉學校潛存著複雜的、多樣的權力角力，了解組織成員或次團體間都存在著自我利益、專業利益、生涯利益等利益關係的糾葛，專業主義、家長主義、工會主義、性別等意識型態的分歧，以及不同政治策略的運用。此外，運用微觀政治學研究取向能洞察利害關係人間的權力關係，批判傳統學校組織行為研究的和諧論假定，挖掘利害關係人間背後隱藏的意識型態，然而本文質疑微觀政治學對人性假定偏向自私性惡論，對於鉅觀─微觀二元論無法獲得解決。總之，本文欲突顯學校組織行為研究取向，可以從微觀政治學的視角切入，提供另類詮釋角度，使學校行為研究獲致更深層的發現與啟示。

This paper explores an essential approach to investigating school organizational behavior， i.e. micropolitics， in order to probe its’ background of emergence， to discuss its’ implications for organizational images by using metaphors， and to investigate its’ concepts， contributions and problems In recent years， the educational reform has brought about organizational change in schools and micropolitics， as a useful lens， could examine their differences in interests， ideologies， and political strategies among shareholders to figure out the complexity of the school as the arena of power struggle. First of all， this paper addressed the educational reform could be the fertile soil for the micropolitical approach to investigating organizational operation in schools. In addition， the paper discusses the micropolitical approach criticizing traditional organizational paradigms， employing metaphors to describe organizational images， and examining the significance and contents of micropolitics. Finally， the paper proposes the contributions and problems of using the micropolitical approach.