分公司在民事程序中的當事人能力

Capacity in Civil Procedure: Taking Branches for Example

為謀求「訴訟便利」，最高法院裁判先例承認分公司的當事人能力，嗣後更成為我國實務與學說多數而穩定的見解。然而，本文指出：以總公司作為當事人，以分公司經理人（或其他人員）作為訴訟代理人；此種「總公司訴訟」已經足以因應分公司之業務紛爭。反之，「分公司訴訟」不但無助於「妥速解決紛爭」之目標，反而可能延滯訴訟而有害於訴訟經濟。

In order to“facilitate convenience”, the Supreme Court’s ruling precedent recognized the capacity of party of branches, which has since become the major and stable opinion of our practice in Taiwan. However, the view of this article is that: with the head office as the party, and branch managers (or other personnel) as the agents; such a procedure is sufficient to deal with those disputes of branches. On the contrary,“recognizing the capacity of party of branches”not only fails to resolve disputes promptly, but may delay the proceeding and harm the efficiency of the court system.