涉外海洋法治：生成背景、基本內涵與實踐路徑

Foreign-Related Rule of Law for Oceans: Background, Connotations and Paths

海洋已經成為大國間交流互動乃至競爭博弈的重要場域。涉外海洋法治作為涉外法治建設的重要內容，是中國參與全球海洋治理的方案，也是中國的法治貢獻。涉外海洋法治承載著深厚的歷史基因，建立在堅實的理論基礎之上，具有鮮明的時代特色。涉外海洋法治的基本內涵包括：統籌國內法治與涉外法治是涉外海洋法治的基本特徵，維護國家主權安全與海洋權益是涉外海洋法治的出發點和立足點，推動構建海洋命運共同體是涉外海洋法治的理念和方向。加強涉外海洋法治建設，必須加快涉外海洋法治工作戰略佈局、健全完善涉外海洋法律法規體系、建立健全涉外海洋執法體系、持續推進涉外司法機制完善、強化涉外海事法律服務體系建設、重視涉外海洋法治人才培養。

Oceans have become an important field of communication, interaction and even competition among major countries. As a vital part of the construction of foreign-related rule of law, foreign-related rule of law for oceans is not only China’s plan to participate in global ocean governance，but also China’s contribution to the rule of law. The foreign-related rule of law for oceans which bears profound historical genes, is built on a solid theoretical basis, and has distinct characteristics of the times. The basic connotations of foreign-related rule of law for oceans include: coordinating domestic and foreign-related rule of law is the basic feature of foreign-related rule of law for oceans; safeguarding national sovereignty security and maritime rights and interests is the starting point and foothold of foreign-related rule of law for oceans; promoting the building of a maritime community with a shared future is the vision and direction of foreign-related rule of law for oceans. To strengthen the construction of foreign-related rule of law for oceans, China must accelerate the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law for oceans, improve the system of foreign-related maritime laws and regulations, establish and improve the system of foreign-related maritime law enforcement, continuously promote the improvement of foreign-related judicial mechanism, strengthen the construction of foreign-related maritime legal service system, and attach importance to the training of foreign-related maritime rule of law talents.