CPTPP知識產權規則下越南法律修訂研究及其對中國的啟示

Research on Vietnam Law Amendments under CPTPP Intellectual Property Rules and Its Enlightenment to China

《全面與進步跨太平洋夥伴關係協定》（CPTPP）以專章形式規定知識產權事項。越南作為締約方中唯一的社會主義國家，其在CPTPP生效後快速推進知識產權立法，先後於2019、2020年作出兩次全方位修訂，涉及專利、商標、著作權、植物新品種、農用化學品數據保護、法律執行等知識產權法領域。從越南兩輪修法背後的制度建設思路來看，其非常注重平衡式法律修訂。在修法內容上，注重平衡CPTPP條約義務和越南國家利益；在修法部署上，注重中央與地方協同推進；在修法策略上，注重平衡“過渡期事項”與“緊迫事項”。越南的知識產權法律修訂，對中國相關工作的開展有一定的借鑒意義。

The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) establishes a common set of rules on intellectual property related matters in a comprehensive chapter. As the only socialist country among the signatories, Vietnam has promptly promoted intellectual property legislation after CPTPP entered into force. Vietnam underwent two comprehensive amendments in 2019 and 2020, addressing patents, trademarks, copyrights, new plant varieties, data protection of agricultural chemicals, law enforcement and other fields of intellectual property laws. From the perspective of institution building behind the two rounds of amendments, Vietnam pays great attention to balancing the legal amendments. Regarding the content of the amendments, Vietnam underlines a balance of CPTPP treaty obligations and its national interests. Concerning the deployment of amendments, Vietnam focuses on collaboration between central and local governments to promote legislation. As for the law amendment strategy, Vietnam takes notice of the balance between“transitional issues”and“urgent matters”. Vietnam’s progress and underlying logic on intellectual property law amendments have a certain reference value for China’s subsequent work on joining CPTPP.