“數字絲綢之路”視閾下中國海外投資保險法律問題研究

Research on the Legal Issues Concerning China’s Overseas Investment Insurance under the“Digital Silk Road”Initiative

近年來，“數字絲綢之路”倡議在提速中國海外數字投資步伐方面取得了斐然的成績。但另一方面，聯美反華國家持續零和博弈的新冷戰思維，對包括中興、華為在內的中國企業進行打壓和遏制，構成漸進徵收、網絡恐怖主義和政府違約三大重大政治風險。為有效提供保險救濟，需要解決現有的保險合同缺陷以及國際法、國內法中的立法問題。為此，應當完善BIT垯本，使“投資”的定義涵蓋數字投資，且在援引FPS標準時合理評估東道國採取預防措施的程度。在完善國內法方面，將海外投資保險規定納入海外投資法中具有可行性。在完善保險合同方面，建議開設數字商業保險業務，以奠定海外數字投資保險的基石；與此同時，儘快修訂保單的三大險別，增加漸進徵收，開闢獨立的恐怖主義責任險，同時完善違約險表述，全面提升保險公司適應數字技術新挑戰的能力。

In recent years, the“Digital Silk Road”Initiative has made remarkable achievements in accelerating the pace of China’s overseas digital investment. On the other hand, the Cold War mentality of continuous zero-sum game has suppressed and contained Chinese companies including ZTE and Huawei, posing three major political risks: gradual collection, cyber terrorism and government default. In order to effectively provide insurance relief, the existing problems of defects of insurance contracts, as well as the legislative issues of international law and domestic law should be solved. To this end, the BIT model is proposed, and the extension of the definition of“investment”covers digital investment, and reasonably evaluates the extent of preventive measures in the host country when invoking FPS standards, since the Overseas Investment Act has already been launched. As for the improvement of insurance contracts, it is recommended to establish digital commercial insurance to lay the foundation of overseas digital investment insurance; at the same time, revise the three categories of insurance policies as soon as possible, increase the gradual collection, open up independent terror insurance, and improve the expression of default insurance, and comprehensively improve the ability of insurance companies to adapt to the new challenges of digital technology.