論國際投資仲裁中推定的適用

On the Application of Presumption in International Investment Arbitration

推定包括事實推定和法律推定,是爭端解決中認定事實的重要法律工具。在國際投資仲裁中,仲裁庭適用推定具有相應的法律依據，實踐中推定亦得到了頻繁的適用。事實推定和法律推定具有不同的適用條件，對舉證責任也會產生不同的影響。在涉華投資仲裁中多起案件涉及推定問題，通過反思可以從中獲得一些有益的啟示。作為國際投資仲裁的參與者，我國政府和海外投資企業應當能夠熟練運用推定這一法律工具，同時在商簽新的投資協定時，我國政府應當注意明確規定相關條款的內容，以防止在爭端解決中仲裁庭作出不符合締約方預期的推定。

Presumption which includes factual presumption and legal presumption is an important method of fact-finding in dispute resolution. In international investment arbitration, the arbitral tribunal has the theoretical and legal basis for the application of presumption, and the presumption has been frequently applied in practice. In international investment arbitrations, factual presumption and legal presumption have different application conditions, and have different effects on the burden of proof. The issue of presumption has been involved in many China- related investment arbitrations, from which we can get some useful reflections and enlightenments. As participants in international investment arbitration, The Chinese Government and overseas enterprises should master the legal tools and apply them in the practice of investment dispute settlement skillfully. Meanwhile, during negotiating new investment agreements, The Chinese Government should pay attention to stipulating contents of the provisions clearly, so as to prevent the arbitral tribunals from making uncontemplated presumptions in dispute settlement.