論國際商事訴訟的仲裁化———兼評我國《民事訴訟法》涉外編修改

The Arbitralization of International Commercial Litigation: Reviewing the Revision of Foreign-related Section in China̓s Civil Procedure Law

近年來，隨著商事解紛法律服務國際化與便利化競爭的加劇，以國際商事法庭(院)為代表的國際商事訴訟普遍出現了協議選擇管轄、任意性程序規則、法官選任及一審終局等仲裁化變革趨勢。國際商事訴訟與商事仲裁在程序形式上的相互借鑒與交互融合，實質上揭示了當事人自治權與司法職權之間的內在博弈與制度配比。由於涉外商事訴訟具有國內和國際雙重司法屬性及內引外聯的牽引作用，國際商事訴訟仲裁化無疑會撬動商事訴訟國際化、專業化和自由化導向的司法創新。為改進我國《民事訴訟法》涉外編過於傳統和僵化的訴訟程序規則，統籌推進國內與涉外司法質效功能創新，我國應當對商事訴訟當事人程序自治權與司法職權進行合理平衡和適配，以開創和引領國際商事解紛法律服務與跨國司法競爭新局面。

With the intensification of internationalization and facilitation of competition in commercial dispute resolution legal services, the international commercial litigation represented by the international commercial courts has a general trend of arbitration in recent years, such as the selection of jurisdiction by agreement, arbitrary procedural rules, selection of judges and the final outcome of first try. The mutual learning and interactive integration of international commercial litigation and commercial arbitration in procedural forms essentially reveals the internal game and institutional matching between the parties autonomy and judicial authority. Due to the dual judicial attributes of foreign commercial litigation at home and abroad and the leading role of internal and external, the arbitration of international commercial litigation will undoubtedly leverage the judicial innovation of internationalization, specialization and liberalization of commercial litigation. In order to improve the overly traditional and rigid procedural rules in the foreign-related section of China' s Civil Procedure Law and promote the functional innovation of domestic and foreign-related judicial quality and efficiency under the background of great changes, China should reasonably balance and adapt the procedural autonomy of commercial litigants and judicial powers, so as to create and lead a new situation of international commercial dispute resolution legal services and transnational judicial competition.